集體化時期的廣西糾合事件

本文從三個階段探討廣西糾合事件。1954至1956年的糾合事件，在中共的官方話語中，被定性為「反革命」，色彩鮮明強烈，與中共政權對抗的目標非常明確。1957至1959年的糾合事件與大躍進息息相關，高指標、高浮誇與高徵購，導致農民的糧食遭受全面性掠奪，促使農民不惜以武裝衝突、糾合暴動的方式抗爭。1960年後，糾合事件發生的時代背景是大饑荒肆虐，農民掙扎於饑饉死亡邊緣，面臨生死存亡的危局，以「開糧倉分糧」、「搞瞞產」、「分田到戶」等方式自救，這些方式與糾合事件結合。中共對糾合事件的鎮壓雖維護了社會治安，但無限上綱的做法，加劇惡性糾合事件不斷發生，造成民眾心理恐慌，惡化了執政黨的治國思維，強化了執政黨的階級鬥爭意識。

關鍵字

集體化；糾合事件；反革命；廣西；階級鬥爭

並列摘要

This paper discusses cases of mass rallying disturbances in Guangxi in three stages. In the official discourse of the Chinese Communist Party, the so-called ＂mass disturbance events＂ in Guangxi between 1954 and 1956 are labelled as having a distinctive counter-revolutionary character and aiming at confronting and subverting the new CCP regime. The cases of 1957-1959 were closely related to the Great Leap Forward. With its inflated production targets and artificially high volume of acquisition, the food supply of the peasants was completely plundered, prompting them to resort to armed conflicts and rally the mass to riots. The post-1960 cases took place in the context of the Great Famine, where peasants struggled on the brink of starvation and death. Facing crises of life and death, the peasants could only save themselves by such measures as ＂opening the granaries and dividing the grain,＂＂concealing food production＂ and ＂allocating land to individual households＂ in addition to resorting to rallying the masses to create disturbances. Although the government repression of these incidents succeeded to a certain extent in maintaining social stability, the practice of attributing the cause of these social incidents to ideological errors had only increased their occurrences, instilled fear among the people, degraded the ruling party's sense of governing and intensified its consciousness of class struggle.