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  • 學位論文

財稅資訊開放與利用研究

A Study of Open Data and Use of Tax Information

指導教授 : 陳顯武
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摘要


政府日常運作過程中累積了大量資料,透過對這些資料的分析和理解,可以做為未來施政的參考和依據。為因應開放政府的趨勢,政府資訊公開法已不符需求,政府另建置政府資料開放平臺,擴大政府資料開放範圍。 財政部蒐集財稅資料主要供課稅目的使用,跨機關的資料交換藉由資訊系統交查比對可增加資料的可識度。無論是開放政府資料或是跨機關的資料交換,都要保護個人隠私,避免不當的資料外洩,對此政府無相關監管機關或管制措施,本文參考德國及日本之作法以比較個人資料在公務機關傳遞之法律規範。 財稅資訊除於政府資料開放平臺開放資料外,稅捐稽徵法放寬原本屬租稅秘密之財稅資料提供範圍,實務上財稅機關與學術研究機構簽訂合作備忘錄,提供財稅資料範圍顯較政府資訊公開法或政府資料開放平臺為廣,對租稅秘密及個人隱私恐有侵害之虞,本文從憲法及法律探討相關權利發展及法律規範之衝突性,並以美國及英國相關法律規範作比較分析,據以發現問題與提出政府資訊公開法、個人資料保護法及稅捐稽徵法之諸多建議。

並列摘要


The data accumulated from daily government operation can be used as the reference and basis for future governance. By now the Freedom of Government Information Law can hardly meet the demand of open government, the government is supposed to establish ” Data.Gov.Tw” and expand the range of open data. The Ministry of Finance, R.O.C. accumulates data for the use of taxation. The intergovernmental exchange of information can increase the authenticity via the cross-check of information systems. It is necessary to protect personal privacy in terms of the open data or the intergovernmental exchange of information. Currently there are no relevant regulatory authorities or measures for the government to avoid inappropriate personal privacy leakage. The paper refers to the practices of Germany and Japan for making the comparison of laws and regulations about personal data transmission in public authorities. While finance and taxation information is disclosed on the” Data.Gov.Tw”, the Tax Collection Act also reduces restrictions for the secret information application. Accordingly the taxation authorities can sign a memorandum of cooperation with academic research institutions for academic research and so on. However to compare the Tax Collection Act with the Freedom of Government Information Law and government data open platform, the wider information application range of the Tax Collection Act might do harm to tax secrets and personal privacy. In view of the constitutional and legal norms, the paper discusses the conflicts between right development and laws & regulations, making the contrast according to the US and the UK laws and regulations, furthermore finding out problems and offering suggestions for the Freedom of Government Information Law, the Personal Information Protection Act, and the Tax Collection Act.

參考文獻


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