透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.131.13.37
  • 學位論文

對真實的熱情?中國共產黨調查文化的形塑與實踐(1930-1949)

A Passion for Facts? Construction and Practice of The Survey Culture in Communist Party of China (1930-1949)

指導教授 : 羅士傑
若您是本文的作者,可授權文章由華藝線上圖書館中協助推廣。

摘要


為何「調研」兩字能夠讓一個山間聚落的農婦理解到千里以外學者來訪的用意?本論文從這樣的疑問出發,試圖理解到底「調查與研究」為何能夠在當代中國深入老百姓的腦中。為了解決這個疑問,本論文從毛澤東調查的起點出發,沿著廣東、尋烏再到延安,追尋調查文化如何透過毛澤東引進到中國共產黨。除序章結論,全文共分三章。第一章,透過毛澤東農講所的經歷到《尋鄔調查》文本的形成,點出共產黨調查本身邏輯的特殊性;第二章則以長征後毛澤東如何運用「調查」建構路線正當性奪權,並藉由延安整風將調查文化的引進至中國共產黨中;最後,以1947到1948年晉綏土改中所發生不斷調查的反應與結果作為調查文化的實踐。透過三個環節一探中國共產黨調查文化的形成經過以及運用過程。 本論文之貢獻,最直接來說除了提供一套有別於中共自身對於調查文化形成的論述外。更重要的或許是在於解明為何在中國「調查」能被上升如此重要的原因以及此種論述的突破口。毛澤東並非黨內唯一作調查的人,為何他的調查如此重要?「沒有調查沒有發言權」這句話背後的脈絡與意涵又是如何在該篇文章完成後接近10年才被發揚?能夠解決問題的共產黨,透過調查到底是解決了誰的問題?本文透過以上的疑問對於中共的官方論述產生質疑,以此開展出本論文的結構。期能對於中共調查文化以及毛主義等研究提供一條新方向。

並列摘要


Since the publication of A Passion for Facts, the discussion about survey culture in modern China seems to have settled down well. However, the survey culture of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) appears to be missing in the book. This thesis is trying to fill in the gap. In the first chapter, I trace Mao’s early footprints of survey and point out CCP’s unique logic by comparing Mao’s survey with local survey. In the second chapter, I focus on the rising of Mao, especially on why “survey” could become the crucial part in Maoism. Then through Yan’an Rectification Movement, the idea of Maoism became rooted in the party members. In the final chapter, I use the case of the 1947-1948 land reform movement in Shanxi-Suiyuan region and compare different surveys conducted in these years. The conflicting results show that the surveys may not be as neutral as they claim to be. In fact, even before the investigation begins, the survey already holds its answer. ‘To seek truth from facts’ may sound more like ‘to seek truth from the need’ in the pratice of CCP’s survey culture. In sum, CCP’s survey has two characteristics: it is a means to justify revolution, and it is also a way to defend Mao and Maoism.

參考文獻


7. 王奇生,《黨員、黨權與黨爭:1924-1949 年中國國民黨的組織形態》,上海:上海書店,2010。
32. 陳永發,《延安的陰影》,臺北:中央研究院近代史研究所,1990。
8. 王遠義,〈惑在哪裡—新解胡適與李大釗「問題與主義」的論辯及其歷史意義〉,《臺大歷史學報》,50,臺北,2012,頁 155-250。
33. 陳逸達,〈暴風驟雨:中共東北土地改革 1945-1948〉,臺北:國立臺灣大學歷史學研究所碩士論文,2005。
16. 李金錚,〈「理」、「利」、「力」:農民參軍與中共土地改革之關係考(1946-1949)─以冀中、北嶽、冀南三個地區為例〉,《中央研究院近代史研究所集刊》,93,臺北,2016,頁 87-134。

延伸閱讀