在阿斯坦加瑜伽中的體現經驗:日常生活的轉變

本論文訪談17個阿斯坦加瑜伽練習者，探討瑜伽如何改變個人的身體及生活形態，包括瑜伽例行動作的練習如何與個人社會存在相互交織，產生個人化的轉變及日常生活的重組。本論文提供幾個新方向來觀察與瞭解阿斯坦加瑜伽在臺灣的情況。首先，從健康促進的觀點（強調個人化的取徑以獲得健康），阿斯坦加瑜伽很容易被誤解成自我發展的替代品，以建構健康且自我負責之個體。這說明瑜伽練習不僅是透過體現例行方式來重塑個人健康與個人人際關係的方法，同時也是一種常見於新自由主義背景下，強化自我發展的言說，所建立的日常生活抉擇。其次，在瑜珈中，自我發展的言說創造出一個自立更生的主體，該主體不僅不被鼓勵於透過任何集體義務來認識生活，更鼓勵消費。任何被瑜伽生活代表之自我發展的形象所吸引的人，會希冀消費瑜珈練習來體驗一個更美好的生活。最後，本文提出，對於日常生活諸多的潛在衝突，阿斯坦加瑜伽的練習在台灣似乎是一個超越此種不平衡的策略。簡言之，那些建立起一種修道式及規律性的練習者，比較容易成功地遠離工作上的壓力。

關鍵字

體現；阿斯坦加瑜伽體現；身體管理；健康促進；個人化的責任；例行化；商品化；工作生活平衡

並列摘要

This thesis is a qualitative analyses of seventeen individual stories of embodied experiences in Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga. Initially, on the foreground of a phenomenological perspective and by employing a method of in-depth interviews, the purpose is to critically assess yoga’s ability to transform individuals’ bodies as well as their lives. Embodied yoga routines, especially when fully intertwined with ones’ social existence, cause both individual transformation and reorganization of everyday life. However, when Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga is problematized within an extended social settings wherein it is performed, new issues arise. In this thesis, therefore, I offer few commentaries on new directions in understanding Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga in Taiwan. First, through the lens of health promotion perspective, which emphasizes individualized approach to health, Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga can be misunderstood as a toll for self-development in order to construct a healthy and self-responsible individual. This shows that yoga practice is not only an embodied routine that reshapes individual’s health and personal relationships but also an everyday lifestyle choice implemented by enhanced rhetoric of self-development usually found in neoliberal settings. Second, the rhetoric of self-development in yoga is not only creating a self-relying subject, who is discouraged from understanding life in terms of any collective obligations but also a subject that is eager to consume. Individuals seduced by consumer yoga lifestyle constantly apply images of self-development in hopes of experiencing a more satisfactory everyday life. Lastly, a brief survey of research on the rising tension between paid work and other non-work related life activities proposes that Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga in Taiwan is a suitable tool for overpassing the imbalance. That is to say, those who develop a more ascetic and routinized practice are more successful in detaching from work related pressures.

並列關鍵字

embodiment ； Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga ； body managemen ； health promotion ； individualized responsibility ； routinization ； commodification ； work-life balance

參考文獻

Ku, Ya-I, and Chien-Hsin Wang. 2012. “The Discussion of Yoga Teacher's Certification in Taiwan.” Sports Research Review 118: 29-36.

Lew-Ding, Chih Yin. 2003. “Who uses non-biomedical, complementary and alternative healh care? Sociodemographic undifferentiation and the effects of health needs.” Taiwan Journal of Public Health 22 (3): 155-166.

Featherstone, Mike. 1991. “The Body in Consumer Culture.” In The Body: Social Process and Cultural Theory, by Mike Featherstone, Mike Hepworth and Bryan S. Turner, 170-196. London, Newbury Park, New Delhi: Sage Publications .

Frank, Arthur W. 1991. “For a Sociology of the Body: An Analytical Review.” In The Body: Social Process and Cultural Theory, by Mike Featherstone, Mike Hepworth and Bryan S. Turner, 36-103. London: SAGE Publications .

Impett, Emily A., Jennifer J. Daubenmier, and Allegra L. Hirschman. 2006. “Minding the body: Yoga, Embodiment, and Well-Being.” Sexuality Research & Social Policy 3 (4): 39-48.

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在阿斯坦加瑜伽中的體現經驗:日常生活的轉變

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