職務監督與審判獨立之權衡─評析我國法官職務監督制度

On Balance between Supervision and Judicial Independence- Review the Institution about the Supervision of Judges in Taiwan

洪唯展(Wei-zhan Hong)

指導教授 ： 林明鏘

國立臺灣大學/法律學院/法律學研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201600407

摘要

法官法已立法數年，並成為法官職務監督之重要依據。同時，司
法院大法官釋字第530 號揭示審判獨立原則，並透過核心領域理論來
審查職務監督是否合法。然而，審判核心領域理論之概念為何？以及
何者為審判核心領域何者為非？究竟如何操作這樣子的概念？這些
都使核心領域理論存在著問題，甚至連大法官自己都在審判的核心領
域中認為若對之職務監督應屬適法。顯然這樣子的問題都讓審判核心
領域理論幾乎不能作為職務監督的界線。
本論文將試圖找出職務監督如何尋求其界線，一方面透過審判核
心領域理論以及司法秩序維持來權衡出這樣子的界線內涵；二方面透
過類型化職務監督發動之原因來試圖區分各種類型之職務監督並對
應審判獨立原則之內涵；三方面透過職務監督類型之列舉，來尋求職
務法庭審理案件之可以進行之審理方式。而透過此三種方式來尋求對
於法官之職務監督界限。
除此之外，法官法除了對於法官之職務監督外，亦規範關於法官
之訴訟程序，亦即職務法庭，並審判懲戒案件以及職務監督案件。因
此，本論文將透過職務法庭之運作流程解析，一方面對應前開關於職
務監督案件之審查區分，透過訴訟之證明度來區分審查基準；二方面
並檢討關於職務法庭之相關問題。

關鍵字

職務監督 ； 審判獨立 ； 核心領域理論 ； 司法秩序維持 ； 撤銷 法官司法事務分配會議決議

並列摘要

Judges Act has been legislated for many years and it becomes an
important legal source about the supervision of judges. Meanwhile, Judicial Yuan Interpretation number 530 lays down the principle of judicial independence and, through Theory of Core Sphere, vets whether the supervised duty is legal or not. However, what is the concept of Core Sphere Theory in trial? What cases are applicable for Sphere Theory and what are not? What is the application of this theory? These questions make Core Sphere Theory doubted. Even Justice of the Constitutional
Court thinks that the supervision of judges is legal in the core sphere of trail. Obviously, these questions let theory of core sphere hardly function as a standard to vet the supervision of judges.
This master’s dissertation attempts to define supervision of duties and search for its boundary. Frist, find out this boundary by maintaining social order and Theory of Core Sphere in trail. Secondly, dig deep into the categorized reasons of supervision on duty, in order to differentiate all kinds of supervision of duties and their relationship with judicial
independence. Thirdly, via enumerating all kinds of supervision of duties, find out the suitable methods which may put on trial in the Court of the Judiciary. This master’s thesis hereby searches for the limit to the supervision of judges by three steps mentioned above.
Besides, Judges Act regulates supervision of duties and proceedings about judgeship. It is called the Court of the Judiciary in hearing cases like disciplinary actions and supervision of duties. Therefore, through analyzing how a case moves through the Court of the Judiciary, this master’s dissertation focuses on two perspectives below. On the one hand, corresponding with the previous discussions on how to vet different types of cases concerning the supervision of duties, I employ standard of proof to identify the standard to vet supervision of duties. On the other hand, review and reflect the associating questions about the Court of the Judiciary.

並列關鍵字

Supervision Toward Judges ； Judicial Independence ； The Core of Trial Theory ； Judicial Regulations ； Declaratory Resolution That The Affirmation Violates The Law

參考文獻

《司法改革雜誌》第95 期，頁17。

於收錄於《司法改革雜誌》第95 期，頁39∼41。

5. 李建良（1997），〈論德國法官及檢察官之調職制度〉，收錄於《全

1. 主辦單位：中華民國檢察官協會、元照出版公司（2013），〈「人

立的火苗〉，收錄於《司法改革雜誌》第95 期，頁34∼38。