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  • 學位論文

高畫質及高性能上發光型有機發光元件之研究

Development of High-Image-Quality and High-Performance Top-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Devices

指導教授 : 吳忠幟

摘要


由於有機發光元件(Organic Light Emitting Devices, OLEDs)可以作為高效率、大面積及全彩的顯示器應用,近年來受到廣泛地研究與討論。一個典型的有機發光元件中通常包含了高反射的金屬薄膜,而此薄膜將使得元件呈現高反射率的外觀,大大地降低其顯示對比。為了提昇顯示畫質,通常會在顯示面板表面再貼附一層圓型偏光片或者濾光片以降低環境光的反射。然而此類貼附片的光學穿透率通常較低,故在貼附的同時也降低了元件的發光效率,這些包含自環境入射進入元件以及元件本身所發出的光皆因為貼上貼附片後一大部份被吸收與浪費了。 在本篇論文中,我們發展了數種不同能提昇元件效能與畫質的有機發光元件結構。首先我們提出了一種高顯示對比的上發光型有機發光元件(high-contrast top-emitting OLEDs)。此元件與一般主動矩陣背板的製程俱相容性,而我們也成功地結合製作成上發光型主動矩陣有機發光顯示器。我們更進一步結合了有機發光元件與太陽能電池,使元件的顯示對比甚至優於傳統貼附偏光片的元件,此外,那些原本會被浪費在元件內部無法發出的光(包含反射光與部份元件所發出的光)會被太陽能電池吸收後再回收利用。 我們亦嘗試將極化發光的有機發光元件(Polarized OLED)與相位延遲波片/偏光片(retardation wave plate/polarizer)的結合成為高顯示對比高效率的元件。 為了提高元件效率,我們提供了一種簡單、普遍的方法:將微共振腔上發光型有機發光元件(Microcavity Top-Emitting OLEDs)與微透鏡陣列(Microlens Arrays)結合,如此可同時提昇各種在顯示上需求的特性。因為微透鏡陣列與有機發光元件的製作都是分開的,兩者分別製作完成後才將直接將微透鏡陣列貼附在元件面板上,這種效率提昇的方法既簡單又有效,且與有機發光元件的製程是完全相容的。

並列摘要


Organic Light Emitting devices (OLEDs) have been the subjects of intense investigation in recent years due to their applications in efficient, large-area and full-color displays. A general OLED usually consists of highly reflective metal films exhibits rather strong ambient-light reflection which reduces the contrast of the display. To enhance the image quality of the display, polarizers or filter films may be laminated on the surface of the display panel to reduce reflection of ambient illumination. However, such approaches reduce the device performances of the device because of the low-reflection characteristics of the contrast enhanced films. Furthermore, photon energies of incident ambient light and significant portion of OLED internal radiation are simply absorbed and wasted. In this thesis, we developed various OLEDs structures for achieving high performances and high image quality. We first describe the development of high-contrast top-emitting OLEDs. The devices are readily compatible with the processing of active-matrix backplanes and active-matrix OLED displays incorporating such high-contrast top-emitting OLEDs were demonstrated. We then report the integration of OLEDs with solar cells, which not only exhibits a contrast superior to the conventional polarizer approach but also is capable of recycling both incident ambient illumination and internally generated OLED emission. We also examine the combination of polarized OLEDs and waveplate/polarizer for achieving high-contrast and high-efficiency devices. To improve the device efficiency, we show that microcavity top-emitting OLEDs integrated with microlenses may provide a universal approach for simultaneously achieving all the desired nice characteristics. Since the microlenses can be fabricated separately and then laminated on the microcavity OLED, this approach is simple, effective and highly compatible with OLED fabrication.

參考文獻


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