新竹供水系統脆弱度空間分布優化與供水能耗分析之研究

Study on Optimizing Vulnerability Map and Energy Requirements for Hsinchu Water Supply System

謝曜謙(Yao-Chien Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 童慶斌

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/生物環境系統工程學研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.02131

摘要

未來人類社會的永續發展，將面對氣候變遷下極端天氣與水文事件發生頻率及嚴重尺度不斷地增加，如何以系統性的思維與角度發展水資源管理分配將是迫切且重要的課題。而在面對氣候變遷造成對各領域的衝擊影響，不同的水資源調適方案因應而生，以設法減緩或降低遭受的傷害程度。其方案執行的過程不可避免地會產生能源消耗，但若缺乏完善的調適策略方案設計而使得執行效率不張或過多的能源需求消耗，將會排放更多的溫室氣體於大氣中，反而對氣候變遷造成惡性循環與負向的回饋關係。本研究之目的在於應用禁忌演算法於不同乾旱情境下，優選供水系統的最佳供水策略。其將以系統性的角度降低新竹供水系統所遭受的乾旱衝擊並分析各地區在最佳供水策略下脆弱度分佈的空間差異性。演算過程中，依不同的考量因素設置三種模式進行供水策略優選並作比較，而優選結果中脆弱度高者為容易受到乾旱影響而造成傷害的地區，在未來為首要加強改善之處。此外本研究亦透過EPANET2軟體模擬新竹南寮海淡廠加入既有水資源設施所需的能源消耗量。而透過不同輸水方案的模擬結果比較，挑選能源消耗較低的輸水方案，以避免過多的溫室氣體排放而導致惡性循環使未來更嚴重的極端氣候事件發生。研究最後將結合水資源調適方案與最佳供水策略，計算新竹供水系統透過未來節水方案與南寮海淡廠加入營運後，系統中仍存在的供水缺口和缺水脆弱度地圖的改善結果。

關鍵字

脆弱度 ； 新興水源 ； 優化 ； 禁忌演算法 ； 能源 ； 水資源

並列摘要

It is inevitable to face the more often and intensive extreme weather and hydrological events in the sustainable development of human society. How to develop Water resources management systematically becomes an urgent and important issue gradually. In this day, a lot of water resources adaptations are developed in order to effectively prevent and mitigate the impact, which were probably caused by climate change. However, the execution of coping strategies will result in the consumption of energy and without well design it will become a vicious circle to worse climate change and global warming. This study aims to optimize the distribution of water strategy by Tabu search under different drought scenarios in Hsin-Chu area. With the optimized strategy, the impact to water supply system will be effectively reduced and the vulnerability map will be drawn to highlight the hot spot in the system.
In addition, this study also simulated desalination plant in Hsinchu Nanliao joining into an existing water resources facilities and calculated energy consumption by EPANET2 software. Through comparing the simulation results of different transportation schemes, the lowest energy-consumption scheme will be adopted to avoid excessive greenhouse gas emissions and vicious cycle of more severe extreme weathers. The outcome of study finally showed that by combining optimized strategy of water distribution and the lowest energy-consumption scheme of water adaptation strategy, the vulnerability and water scarcity of Hsin-Chu area could be obviously improved.

並列關鍵字

Vulnerability ； New Water Supply ； Optimization ； Tabu-Research ； Energy ； Water Resources

參考文獻

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