摘要 過去學者嘗試連結文化與治理這兩個概念,文化治理的研究大致可以分為文化作用、權力運作和文化政策等三個不同的觀點。本研究主張,地方節慶具備日常生活與地方文化的特性,經常是需要民眾參與的活動,故地方節慶能夠成為文化治理的形式之一。而地方節慶的形成需要長時間的文化作用,如何促進地方節慶的形成,亦需要文化治理的過程。因此,本研究的目的在於理解文化治理和地方節慶的相互關係。本研究選定淡水藝術踩街活動作為實證案例,收集2007年至2011年相關文獻資料,並深度訪談十九個相關團體進行分析。 本研究發現,淡水藝術踩街的行動者,對議題的影響及參與態度,可分為權力核心者及權力邊陲者。權力核心者加入場域的誘因,在於重視資源分享,而權力邊陲者則注重論述是否符合需求。然而,各行動者之間是透過論述或資源來合作,論述僅能促成行動者之間的短暫合作,資源共享才是形成穩定合作的基礎。權力核心者透過論述與合作過程的整合,產生藝術推動委員會;權力邊陲者則藉由活動的參與來培育自我的能力,透過西仔反戰爭的節慶主題,重建地方認同,並且在不同價值觀交流之下,引發創意思考。因此,在地方節慶的文化治理過程中,地方性扮演著相當重要的角色。如果要讓文化治理不受單一行動者的控制,政府應該協助其他行動者加強創造誘因的能力,並維持一個手臂原則參與地方節慶;藝術推動委員會作為一種非政府組織,則應建立自我規範、資訊透明與監督的機制。
Many scholars endeavor to connect culture and governance. Their research of cultural governance can be divided into three perspectives: cultural function, power operation, and cultural policy. This study indicates that local festival, which features daily lifestyle and local culture, often needs people to participate, hence local festival could become one form of cultural governance. In addition, it takes not only long-term culturalization but also cultural governance for a local festival to take shape. Therefore, this study aims to understand the relationship between cultural governance and local festival. With Tamsui Arts Parade as the case study, the research methods include archive analysis of the data during 2007-2011 and in-depth interviewing with 19 stakeholder organizations. This study shows that the agents of Tamsui Arts Parades can be divided into the core agents and periphery agents according to their influences on the issue and their participatory attitudes. The core agents enter the arena because they regard the sharing of recourses as important, while the periphery agents focus on whether the discourse meets their demand. However, all agents cooperate by means of discourse and resources. Discourse only facilitates short-term cooperation, whereas resource sharing serves as the basis of stable cooperation. The core agents constitute Tamsui Arts Promotion Committee by integrating discourse and cooperation. The periphery agents empower themselves by participating activities, reconstruct local identity through the festival theme “Battle of Huwei”, and activate creative thinking by interchanging different values. Therefore, locality plays an important role in the cultural governance of local festival. To avoid any single agent from controlling the cultural governance, public sectors should help other agents to strengthen their ability of creating incentives, and adhere to arm’s length principle while participating in local festival. In addition, as an NGO, Tamsui Arts Promotion Committee should construct mechanism of self regulation, information transparency and supervision.