國道五號及門旅行時間對運具選擇行為影響之研究

Influence of Door-to-Door Travel Time of National Freeway No.5 on Mode Choice Behaviors

邱琮驊(Tsung-Hua Chiu)

指導教授 ： 張學孔

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201601509

摘要

隨著國道5號通車，原僅依賴鐵路及省道臺9線輸運之情形已完全改觀，臺北-宜蘭間之旅行距離大幅縮短，國道5號高速公路系統成為臺北宜蘭最主要且便利的交通系統。該項公路建設刺激衍生更多的觀光人潮及旅次需求進入宜蘭縣，此雖帶動宜蘭縣經濟以及觀光產業成長，但也因交通量不斷成長、每逢連續假期湧入大量車潮，交通主管單位著手採用如高乘載管制、匝道儀控、大客車優先通行等交通管制與疏導手段，近期亦試辦宜蘭-頭城大客車專用道。但上述措施僅考慮國道上之旅行時間，未考量從家至景點門到門之完整旅程。因此，本研究針對門到門旅行時間進行分析，將其劃分為台北端、國道與宜蘭端的各區段旅行時間，並透過問卷調查與選擇行為模式探討其對使用者之影響。研究方法以問卷設計調查台北大都會至宜蘭地區旅次，並利用問卷結果建構二項羅吉特模式，以分析門到門旅行時間與旅運者社經特性對運具選擇的影響，期望作為政府和業者擬訂改善及行銷策略。研究結果顯示，各區段的旅行時間對運具選擇均有顯著的影響，而方案特定變數中，小客車車位找尋時間、平時使用公共運具、觀光目的、提供完整轉乘資訊、學歷及平均月收入等皆為影響旅客對現有運具選擇之重要因素。本研究分別以旅行時間、旅行成本、小客車及國道客運進行情境模擬，並針對旅行時間做敏感度分析，結果顯示，若能適當改善各區段之公共運輸旅行時間，能夠有效提高國道5號旅客選擇國道客運之意願。

關鍵字

高速公路管理 ； 門到門旅行時間 ； 運具選擇 ； 羅吉特模式

並列摘要

Since National Freeway No.5 starts its service, the previous transportation condition of high dependence on train and Provincial Highway No.9 has been totally changed. The travel time between Taipei and Ilan has been considerably shrunk. National Freeway No.5 becomes the most primary and convenient connection outward traffic from Ilan, therefore, boosts more tourists and trip demand in Ilan county. Although it brings economy and tourism growth, it also causes the exponential traffic growth. There are continuous stream of vehicles during consecutive holiday, so National Freeway Bureau takes several strategies of traffic, such as High Occupancy Vehicle、Ramp Metering、Bus Priority and so on, to maintain smooth traffic. Recently, Bus Shoulder lane is also trial operated. However, the measures mentioned above only considers the travel time on freeway instead of the travel time from home to final destination. This survey, consequently, divides door to door travel time into Taipei section, freeway, and Ilan section in order to take the travel time in different sections into consideration and explore the impact on the users. The research method is designing questionnaire to investigate the trip from Taipei to Ilan. The results of the questionnaire are used to construct Binary Logit Model, which is beneficial to analyze door to door travel time and how travelers are affected by traffic mode. These analyses are expected to provide both governments and industries to make refined and marketing strategies. According to the research results, travel time in each section has significant impact on traffic mode. Among the alternative specific variable, time to look for parking spaces, daily public transportation use, tour purpose, provide complete transfer information, educational and average monthly income are vital factors that may affect how travelers determine the traffic mode. This research simulates the condition based on five types of scenario, including travel time, travel cost, car, bus and a comprehensive one that combines the previous four types situation. And do the travel time sensitivity. The results reveal that if the travel time of public transportation in each section can be reduced, it can efficiently raise the willing for the travelers on National Freeway No.5 to select bus.

並列關鍵字

Freeway management ； Door to door travel time ； Mode choice ； Logit model

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