老人活動參與、社會支持與生活滿意度之研究

A study of activity participation, social support and life satisfaction of the elderly

許瑞娟(Jui-Chuan Hsu)

指導教授 ： 高淑貴

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/農業推廣學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.02682

摘要

高齡化是台灣目前無可避免的發展趨勢，面對日益廣大的銀髮族群，如何促進晚年的生活滿足與尊嚴，更顯示此研究領域的重要性。根據活動理論的觀點，長者持續地參與活動有助於提升晚年的生活品質，同時亦透過活動維繫老人與社會的接觸拓展人際關係與社交網絡。
許多文獻資料證實，老年期重要的社會關係除了親密家人外、朋友是老人傾吐心聲的重要對象，也是提供老人心靈支持的重要來源。本研究以此為立論起點，認為老人透過活動參與增進朋友的互動關係與支持進一步提升晚年生活滿意感受。
研究者使用2003年國民健康局中老年人身心社會調查資料為對象，探討老人參與不同性質活動及其朋友網絡互動支持與生活滿意度進行研究，過程以描述性統計、因素分析、相關分析、多元迴歸及階層迴歸，並輔以質化訪談深入瞭解長者對活動參與的看法。
研究結果指出，活動參與對於老人的生活滿意度確實具有正向影響，並指出參與社交性及宗教性活動者生活滿意度較高、其他性質活動則無影響。此外，研究結果也指出，社交性及宗教性活動透過朋友網絡對生活滿意度產生正向影響；參與宗教性活動亦可直接影響老人的生活滿意度。

關鍵字

老人 ； 活動參與 ； 社會支持 ； 生活滿意度

並列摘要

Aging Society is an inevitable development trend of nowadays in Taiwan. For the dramatically increasing numbers of the elderly population, we are facing problems of how to benefit the life in later stage and to satisfy their needs in different aspects. With this regard, this research is designed to work within the domain of Gerontology. From the perspective of Activity Theory, it is helpful not only to improve the quality of life but also to maintain social contact and develop social networks if the elderly join social activities continuously. Previous literatures support the idea that friendship is one of the social relations as important as family and kinship to the elderly. Friends play an essential role of providing mental supports and giving emotional comforts.
Therefore, this research hereby consider that participating activity helps to improve interaction between the older people and their friends, where they can intensify social integrity and receive social supports from each other, and to further enhance their life satisfaction. This research is actually conducted by 2 parts, the data analysis and the interview. The secondary dada is from Bureau of Health promotion and the Department of Health, named 2003 Survey of Health and Living Status of the Middle and the Elderly in Taiwan, selecting people over 65 years old. Another part is to interview eleven interviewees respectively.
The purpose of this study is to examine the relations among activities, interaction with friends and life satisfaction. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Pearson correlation, logistic regression, ordinal regression, multiple regression and hierarchical regression while holding additional interviews to explore how they regard themselves and how they feel as activity participants in Tai-shan county.
The findings of this study go as follow：

1. Life satisfaction of the elderly is high after participating activities.
2. It shows significance that the elderly have higher life satisfaction by participating social or religious activity, comparing with other types of activity.
3. The elderly have larger social network, composed of friends, if they join social, religious or learning activity,
4. Participation in either social or religious activity has mediation effect on the relation between the network sizes, composed of friends, and life satisfaction. The bigger network of friends the elderly have, the higher life satisfaction they would perceive. Moreover, participating religious activity would have direct effect on life satisfaction other than mediation.

並列關鍵字

the elderly ； activity participation ； social support ； life satisfaction

參考文獻

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