應用於晶片間傳輸之時脈誤差校正電路設計

Design of a Clock-Deskew Buffer Circuit for Chip-to-Chip Links

10.6845/NCHU.2012.00136

莊璦嘉

時脈誤差校正緩衝器 ； 雙向傳輸緩衝器 ； 延遲鎖定迴路 ； 低電壓差動訊號傳輸器 ； clock-deskew buffer ； bidirectional buffer ； delay-locked loop ； low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS) transmitter

中興大學電機工程學系所學位論文

2012年

碩士

楊清淵

繁體中文

近年來隨著CMOS製程技術的快速發展，高整合密度之超大型積體電路系統的需求呈指數性成長，且系統時脈頻率也大幅提高，各電路模組間時脈抖動的問題也日趨嚴重。過大的時脈抖動將會降低系統的實行速度和可靠度，因此如何降低時脈誤差進而使各模組間同步變成了一個重要課題。 本論文介紹了數種可用來修正時脈誤差的架構，並提出一種採用栓鎖式雙延遲鎖定迴路技術的時脈誤差校正電路，在不需仿真傳輸通道與估算偏移量下，能自行針對各時脈間的偏移進行校正。此外藉由低電壓差動傳輸器當作傳輸介面，使其能操作在較高頻率。其製程是使用台積電0.18微米互補式金氧半導體製程，晶片面積為0.964mm×0.975mm，輸出頻率範圍為750MHz~1.5GHz。當初輸入頻率為1.5GHz且操作電壓為1.8V時，輸出時脈之峰對峰值抖動為8.89ps且消耗功率為33mW。 另外，在本篇論文中還提出一個具寬頻操作之時脈誤差校正電路，其中寬頻操作是使用多頻帶壓控延遲線來完成。其製程同樣是使用台積電0.18微米互補式金氧半導體製程進行設計與模擬，經由模擬結果可知此時脈誤差校正電路可工作在20MHz~2GHz的頻率範圍。當初輸入頻率為2GHz且操作電壓為1.8V時，輸出時脈之峰對峰值抖動為9.81ps且消耗功率為40mW，晶片面積為1.39mm×1.39mm。

With the rapid advances in CMOS technology, the demand for highly integrated VLSI circuit has grown exponentially in recent years. As the system frequency is rising, the problem of timing jitter for circuit modules is more serious. It will decrease the speed and the responsibility, if the timing jitter is too high. So in modern high-speed systems, the skew-free distribution of clocks is very critical for synchronous circuits and the clock-skew problem will become a significant subject. In this thesis, several architectures which may be used to correct clock skew are introduced. A novel clock-deskew buffer with a latch-based dual delay-locked loop (LBD-DLL) technique is proposed to synchronize the clocks for a chip-to-chip system without delay measurements and dummy delay elements. The LBD-DLL can operate in high frequencies by using the low-voltage differential architecture for the interfaced I/Os. Fabricated in TSMC 0.18-um CMOS process, the circuit can provide the output frequency range of 750MHz to 1.5GHz and the chip area is 0.964mm×0.975mm. When the operation frequency is 1.5GHz, the peak-to-peak jitter of the output clock is 8.89ps and total power dissipation is 33mW under a 1.8-V supply voltage. Furthermore, in order to provide wide operation range, a wide-range clock-deskew buffer is proposed in the second word. The wide-range operation is achieved in multi-band voltage controlled delay line. This chip is also fabricated in TSMC 0.18-um CMOS process. From the simulation results, we can demonstrate that this clock-deskew buffer can operate from 20MHz to 2GHz. When the operation frequency is 2GHz, the peak-to-peak jitter of the output clock is 9.81ps and total power dissipation is 40mW under a 1.8-V supply voltage. The chip area is 1.39mm×1.39mm.

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