RFID結合資訊系統防碰撞改善

Anti-Collision Improvements for Integrated RFID Information Systems

10.6845/NCHU.2012.00514

張世勳

RFID ； 避免碰撞 ； RFID ； Anti-Collision

中興大學資訊科學與工程學系所學位論文

2012年

碩士

王丕中

繁體中文

無線射頻辨識系統(Radio Frequency Identification：RFID)一直被廣泛的應用和不斷的發展，而且已經擴展到人們的生活上的個個角落，舉凡像是悠遊卡、eTag高速公路計費系統、物流管理都能看到RFID的身影，而RFID就是一種內建無線通訊技術的晶片，可以在晶片中儲存資料，像是產品的序號、生產日期、產品規格明細等。而現今晶片的體積也越來越小，可儲存的資料也越來越大，可以直接內嵌到產品裡上，或是附於辨識的產品上面，以不需要任何接觸的方式進行快速和大量的讀取儲存在晶片裡面的資料。和傳統的條碼(Barcode)系統相較起來，提供具有更高效率與彈性，提高物品的進出的效率和準確度，並增加倉儲管理的便利性。RIFD利用無線電波方式進行資料傳輸，在無線傳輸的環境中，當讀取器同時接收數個電子標籤回應的訊息，會造成碰撞(collision)而無法辦識的情況。因此避免碰撞(Anti-collision)的機制，就是要如何成功讓每一個標籤能夠分批的與讀取器進行通訊。 資訊系統一直是公司發展不可獲缺的角色，整合所有公司的資源和作業流程提供完整、即時、正確的資料。因此導入RFID系統和企業內部系統整合的話，將可以呈現出更正確、更迅速的資料，也提供更方便的工作程序。但是在防碰撞的機制中，所未知的變數包含標籤的數量、標籤的UID值，因此如果可以更準確的預測需辨識的標籤的數量，縮小標籤UID需辨識的範圍的話，這樣就可以減少碰撞的情況發生。

Radio frequency identification (RFID) has been broadly applied and continuously developed. RFID is a type of chip with built-in wireless communication technology. Direct contact is not required to rapidly read and store significant amounts of data within the chip. In a wireless transmission environment, when the reader simultaneously receives response information from several electronic tags, collision occurs and identification is impossible. Therefore, the primary algorithms used for anti-collision mechanisms are tree-base and aloha-base types. These enable each tag to successfully communicate with the reader in batches. Information systems are essential to company development. Therefore, the unknown variables for introducing and integrating RFID systems within an internal enterprise system include the number of tags and the UID value of the tags. Thus, accurately predicting the number of tags that must be recognized or identified and reducing the range of tag UID that must be identified can reduce the occurrence of collisions.

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