中空纖維液相微萃取法結合氣相層析質譜儀偵測塑膠容器溶出之抗氧化劑

Determination of antioxidants leached from plastic containers by hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

10.6845/NCHU.2008.00578

林姿瑩

中空纖維液相微萃取法 ； 抗氧化劑 ； 塑膠包裝溶出 ； 氣相層析質譜儀 ； Antioxidants ； Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction ； Plastic containers ； GC-MS

中興大學化學系所學位論文

2008年

碩士

鄭政峯

繁體中文

抗氧化劑為塑膠製品中不可或缺的添加劑，在於減少塑膠的裂解及延長使用壽命。塑膠包裝材料與食品接觸後，所含之抗氧化劑可能會溶出轉移至食物中，經由飲食途徑危害人體健康。 本研究利用中空纖維液相微萃取法結合氣相層析質譜儀，對水中微量之Butylhydroxyanisole (BHA)、Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT)、Bisphenol A (BPA) 進行偵測，應用於分析塑膠容器溶出之抗氧化劑。實驗結果顯示中空纖維液相微萃取之最佳化條件：萃取溶劑使用1-Octanol、中空纖維管長度1.5 cm、萃取時間35分鐘、樣品攪拌速率500 rpm、不添加鹽類。以氣相層析質譜儀選擇離子模式進行偵測，其線性濃度範圍分別為BHA、BHT 0.5 ~ 50 ng/mL，BPA 1 ~ 100 ng/mL，偵測極限為BHA 0.07 ng/mL、BHT 0.3 ng/mL、BPA 0.1 ng/mL。以此方法可對BHA、BHT、BPA分別得到163、174、285倍的濃縮效果。應用於市售不同塑膠材質容器盛裝100℃熱水之真實樣品水溶液分析，聚碳酸酯 (PC) 容器溶出之BHT濃度為0.51 ng/mL，聚苯乙烯 (PS) 容器溶出之BHT濃度為0.57 ng/mL。 中空纖維液相微萃取技術僅使用微量的有機溶劑，纖維管成本低廉，且使用一次即可拋棄，有效地避免樣品殘留的問題。為一簡單、有效、操作便利且低成本之分析塑膠容器溶出液等水溶液中抗氧化劑之方法。

Plastics are the most commonly using materials for the food packaging. All polymeric materials are oxygenated during processing and usage. Therefore, it is necessary to add antioxidants to all polyalkenes in order to slow down their degradation and oxidation. These polymeric additives may leach from plastic containers into foods and beverages during the processing or storage. In this study, we developed an analytical method to determine the trace amount of antioxidants leaching from plastic packaging into water by hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Three synthetic antioxidants, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), and bisphenol A (BPA) were successfully extracted from aqueous samples using HF-LPME procedure. The HF-LPME extraction parameters such as the extraction solvent, stirring rate, extraction time, hollow fiber length and salt concentration were optimized using spiked water samples. The linear range for BHA, BHT were 0.5~50 ng/mL, and BPA was 0.1~100 ng/mL. The detection limits were 0.07 ng/mL for BHA, 0.3 ng/mL for BHT, and 0.1 ng/mL for BPA. The results of this study reveal the adequacy of HF-LPME/GC-MS method for analyzing the antioxidants leached from plastic containers. The concentrations of BHT leached from plastic containers into water were 0.51 ng/mL and 0.57 ng/mL for polycarbonate (PC) and polystyrene (PS), respectively. This new simple method is affordable, efficient and convenient for extraction and determination of very low concentration of antioxidants in aqueous samples.

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