電動車永磁馬達熱傳數值模擬及其散熱系統分析改良研究

Research on the Effects of Heat Transfer Numerical Simulation on the Permanent Magnet of Electric Vehicle and the Improvement of Heat Dissipation System

10.6841/NTUT.2014.00092

李孟杰

計算流體力學 ； 馬達熱傳 ； 田口實驗方法 ； 鰭片散熱 ； Computational Fluid Dynamic ； Motor Heat Transfer ； Taguchi Method ； Cooling Fins

臺北科技大學車輛工程系所學位論文

2014年

碩士

吳浴沂

繁體中文

能源消耗與空氣汙染是近年來不斷討論的議題，電動車的發展被視為解決此問題的關鍵，但由於電動車馬達與傳統工業馬達相較更加要求體積與功率，因此散熱問題因應而生，本論文研究目的為建立永磁馬達熱傳模型，並針對其散熱系統提出改良的方式。由於永磁馬達內部元件眾多，因此使用熱阻形式的物理建模，對於馬達複雜的幾何結構在熱流分析上有其困難，因此本研究運用計算流體力學，其計算方式為將模型離散化成多個區域，且這些區域是由網格或格點形成，之後再使用合適的演算法來解求解。本研究在馬達熱傳模型建模上，特別針對馬達氣隙結構及定子與外殼間的接觸熱阻探討對於熱傳的影響，並將此結果建立入馬達熱傳模型，而模擬結果以分析溫度、壓力和流速情形，來對此馬達提出更為有效的散熱方式。研究上運用田口實驗方法，並以平板型及斷續型鰭片式散熱系統做更有效的散熱系統配置方式，運用此方法可以有效的降低模擬數量，但又不失最佳化的準確度。本研究結果顯示氣隙結構對於熱傳的影響性不大，而定子與外殼間的接觸熱阻則與表面粗糙度及面壓有關。流場分析結果發現原始馬達因鰭片型式緣故造成散熱不易，運用田口實驗方法顯示平版型鰭片式散熱系統有著較佳的散熱能力，可大幅降低原始馬達溫度。

Energy consumption and air pollution are the issues which been discussed in recent years, the development of electric vehicles is regarded as the key to solve this problem, but to coMPare with traditional motor, the elect motor need more power and lower volume and to meet these requirements the problem "heat dissipation" show up. The purposes of this research are to establish a permanent magnet motor thermal model and an improvement for the cooling system. In the research will use the computational fluid dynamic(CFD) instead of heat resistance of the physical modeling due to numerous internal components and itself complex geometry of permanent magnet motors. The CFD is to discrete the model to several regions and these regions are mold by elements and nodes then to use the appropriate algorithm for the result. This research of the motor thermal model especially regard to the reflection of the heat transfer in motor's air-gap and the contact heat resistance between stator and shell then insert the result to the motor thermal model. The result of flowfield analysis found that it’s not easy to do the heat dissipation on original motor due to the fin type and it got better outcome when change to flat fin type which experiment via Taguchi experiment method. By this way it can substantially decreases the temperature.

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