辦公建築日常節能評估指標之研究

A study of The Daily Energy-Saving Evaluation Indicators in Office Building

吳伯彥(Po-Yen Wu)

指導教授 ： 林利國

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

緩和都市建築環境日益惡化的問題，近年來各國政府相關執行單位均竭力於將環保的要求放在國家產業之發展政策中，以避免地球有限的資源急速耗盡，或造成發展過程中所伴隨之環境污染及生態系統的破壞，甚至於造成對環境直接且巨大之衝擊，進而使環境與生活之品質日趨惡化，因此行政院於2003年更將綠建築政策提升為國家重點發展計畫，進而期望提昇建築產業之技術水準，共同締造低衝擊高品質之生態環境。檢視目前我國EEWH綠建築評估體系，主要分為規劃評估、設計評估及分級評估等三階段之評估方式，由此可發現國內對於使用維護階段之綠建築績效並無明確之評估機制。若以辦公建築於生命週期角度分析建築物於整個生命週期中所產生之二氧化碳總量來比較，將可發現其規劃設計及建造階段所產生的二氧化碳排放量僅占總排放量的12%，而後續使用維護與更新再造階段所排放之比例則高達88%，因此建築物於使用維護階段所產生之污染及耗能才是建築物造成環境負荷沉重的主要源頭。
此外，我國目前法令規定對於建築節能績效評估係著重於規劃新建之建築物，對於使用階段之建築物則無相對應之評估機制，為呼應全球建築節能與永續發展的潮流，本研究乃針對佔有97%之既有建築物其進行建築節能改善作為主要目標，並以能源使用較為單純之辦公建築作為主要研究對象。研究過程透過分析與歸納世界各國知名之建築節能評估體系，包括英國的BREEAM、加拿大的GBTOOL、美國的LEED、日本的CASBEE、及香港的HK-BEAM，主要著重探討其對於辦公建築使用階段之日常節能評估制度，將本研究初擬之評估指標透過修正式德爾菲法(Modified Delphi Method) 分析後，確立本研究之評估架構下之各評估指標細項，並使用層級分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process) 對於各評估指標細項之重要程度進行權重分配，最後輔以案例分析與探討，分別對於大台北地區之若干辦公建築進行實地調查與訪談，以期建立辦公建築使用階段之日常節能綜合評估指標項目，希望藉由本綜合評估指標能作為未來國內辦公建築於使用維護階段時之日常節能績效評估及參考，使對辦公建築之節能評估涵括整個生命週期。

關鍵字

辦公建築 ； 建築節能 ； 評估指標 ； 生命週期

並列摘要

Easing the problem of urban building environment deteriorating, in recently years, related departments in every country’s government are putting efforts on making the environmental requirements on the national industry development policy, to avoid the limited resource rapidly exhausted, or either cause destruction of ecosystem and environmental pollution associated with the developmental progress, and even cause direct serious impact on the environment, and then deteriorating the quality of environment and life, therefore in year of 2003, the Executive Yuan put the green building policy into National Development Plan, expecting to promote the technical standards of the construction industry, and building a low impact for our high quality environment. Examining the current Green Building Rating System in EEWH in our country, mainly divided into planning evaluation, designing evaluation and classification evaluation, the evaluation process in three stages, thus it can be seen the domestic green building performance evaluation system in use and maintenance stage is not unequivocal. If comparing by using perspective of life cycle of office building and the entire carbon dioxide of the life cycle, it can be found the carbon dioxide emissions in the planning stage and construction stage are generated by only 12% of total emissions, while the emission of following Maintenance and renew and rebuild stage are 88%, therefore the maintenance stage of building is the major reason of causing pollution and energy consumption of environmental burden.
In addition, the current laws and regulations for building energy performance evaluation in our country are focusing on the planning of new building, therefore for the existing building in using stage has no correspondent evaluation system, for responding the trend of global building energy efficiency and sustainable development, this study is focusing on the energy efficiency improvement of the 97% of existing buildings and also office building which using more simple energy as the main objective. Progress of this study by analyzing and categorizing illustrious building energy evaluation system from all over the world, including the BREEAM of UK, GBTOOL of Canada, LEED of the U.S, CASBEE of Japan, HK-BEAM of Hong Kong, mainly focusing on the daily energy-saving evaluation system of using stage in office building, the draft evaluation index of this study after analyzing by using the Modified Delphi Method, framework of the index details are established, and using the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) for the weight distribution of important indicator degree for each evaluation index entry, and finally with the case analysis and discussion, respectively, applying field investigation and interviews with numerous office building in Taipei city region, in order to build comprehensive evaluation index entry for the daily energy-saving in using stage of office building, anticipating in the future, by using this comprehensive evaluation index as a daily energy saving performance evaluation and reference for domestic office building in using stage, to the energy-saving evaluation of office building including the entire life cycle.

並列關鍵字

Office Building ； Building Energy Efficiency ； Evaluation Indicators ； Life-cycle

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