台灣目前最主要的垃圾處理技術是焚化處理,因焚化後垃圾掩埋場地有限、取得不易,故要處理如此大量的灰渣掩埋量實在不容易,為尋求有效率對飛灰(反應生成灰)的處理方法,以降低處理飛灰的環境負荷及污染,故對此進行研究探討。 本研究探討固/穩定化法之操作參數對於重金屬鉛溶出之影響,藉由焚化飛灰的物理及化學組成分析以評估固化的操作條件及依據,固化操作參數的設定(包括:螯合劑重量、水泥重量、攪拌時間),經固/穩定化法處理後重金屬鉛的溶出量,可藉由TCLP的溶出試驗分析,找出符合重金屬鉛溶出之最佳操作條件,研究顯示操作條件改變對於TCLP溶出情形會有影響,並找出最佳穩定化操作比例同時可抑制重金屬鉛溶出,並減量固化體以延長掩埋壽命。 在固/穩定化法設定最佳操作條件,所採用的參數是螯合劑重量百分比3.19%、固化劑(水泥)重量百分比6.99%、攪拌時間75秒,經其試驗得削減效率TCLP鉛溶出99.58%,也證明此配比在固/穩定化操作上是能減少固化物溶出,降低對環境生態不良影響,可作為未來實廠操作應用上的參考依據。
Main strategy of waste treatment in Taiwan is combustion. Due to space for disposal is limited and hard to obtain, it is difficult to deal with such large amount of ash disposal. We proceeded this research for seeking efficient method of fly ash treatment in order to reduce pollution and environmental loading. In this research, we talk about relation between operating factors of solidification/ stabilization and lead leaching. We estimate best operating factors of minimizing lead leaching by determine the physical and chemical composition of fly ash, operating factors of solidification/stabilization (inclusive of weight of chelating agent, weight of cement, and stirring time), and the amount of lead leaching after solidification/ stabilization. The results show that different operating factors results in variation of TCLP. Furthermore, we find best operating ratio to make process stable, restrain lead leaching, and reduce amount of waste to extend life of landfill field. The best operating factors of solidification/stabilization are weight ratio of chelating agent: 3.19%, weight ratio of cement: 6.99%, and stirring time: 75 seconds. We find that under those operating factors, there is 99.58% reduction efficiency of lead leaching. It also demonstrates that as we adopt such factors in solidification/stabilization, we will reduce leaching and bad impact to our environment. It can be applied to real operation in the future.