廢棄物進廠管制與管理機制之研究—以新竹市焚化廠為例

A Study on Solid-Waste Feeding Control and Management Mechanism—Case of Hsin-chu City MSWI Plant

吳廣玉(Kuan-Yue Wu)

指導教授 ： 張添晉

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

隨著國內經濟之起飛，人口數增加及都市化之結果，垃圾產生量大幅提高，於是大型垃圾資源回收(焚化)廠成為垃圾處理主要設施。但是，由於國內焚化廠收取一般事業廢棄物，且民眾尚未做好垃圾分類及資源回收工作，垃圾中常挾帶不可燃、不適燃及有害垃圾進入焚化廠焚化處理，對於焚化爐爐體、焚化廠周遭環境影響極大，因此，焚化廠廢棄物進廠管制更顯得重要。
本研究主要目的是探討新竹市焚化廠廢棄物進廠管制執行成果，根據本研究親自訪談新竹市焚化廠，以瞭解該廠廢棄物進廠管制之執行流程與工作步驟，並分析進廠廢棄物之種類、數量、來源及組成成分。同時，針對歷年來戴奧辛排放量、灼燒減量及灰渣重金屬之檢測結果，進一步分析進廠管制實施前後之管制成效，由結果顯示管制後之戴奧辛與灼燒減量檢測值皆較管制前檢測值減少，而底渣重金屬檢測值皆可符合毒性特性溶出標準值(TCLP)，部分飛灰重金屬檢測值有超過毒性特性溶出標準值。
新竹市焚化廠廢棄物進廠管制僅以人力搭配手持式輻射偵測儀執行，人力可依據車輛進廠之尖峰或非尖峰時段加以調整，但是人力無法立即判斷廢棄物之成分組成，若能配合其他檢測儀器迅速提供檢查人員廢棄物之組成及含量程度，例如重金屬含量，將可進一步掌握廢棄物是否符合進廠規範，減少污染物排放。

關鍵字

焚化廠 ； 廢棄物進廠管制 ； 戴奧辛排放量 ； 灼燒減量 ； 灰渣重金屬

並列摘要

Along with the domestic economic takeoff, solid-waste was produced largely due to the result of increasing in population and the urbanization. Therefore, the MSWI Plants become the main facilities for solid-waste disposal. However, because the MSWI Plants collect general industrial waste and the waste has not been classified and recycled well yet, to feed lots of the non- flammable、non-fit and hazardous solid-waste into MSWI Plants might make great impact of the furnace and around environment of MSWI Plants. So, solid-waste feeding control appears very important.
This main purpose of research is to discuss the achievement of carrying out the solid-waste feeding control in Hsin-chu City MSWI Plant. To interview Hsin-chu City MSWI Plant in person of research is to understand the procedure and step of solid-waste feeding control, and to analyze the kind, quantity, source and composition of solid-waste feeding. At the same time, in view of Dioxins discharge、Ignition loss and the test result of heavy metal in fly ash and bottom ash over the years is to analyze further the result and efficiency of implementation of solid-waste feeding control. According to the result, it shows the test value of Dioxins discharge and Ignition loss are both lower after solid-waste feeding control than that before solid-waste feeding control. And the measuring value of heavy metal in bottom ash can conform to the standard value of Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP ), but some measuring value of heavy metal in fly ash exceed the standard value of TCLP.
The execution of solid-waste feeding control is only carried out with manpower and by a handholding radiation detector in Hsin-chu City MSWI Plant. The manpower can be adjusted according to the peak or the non-peak time interval based on the vehicles entering into the MSWI Plant, but the manpower is unable to judge ingredient and composition of waste immediately. If the manpower can coordinate with other detecting instruments and rapidly acquire the composition of and the content of feeding waste, such as heavy metal , they might further grasp the waste whether will match the standard of solid-waste feeding or not, and reduce the pollutant emissions.

並列關鍵字

MSWI Plant ； Solid-waste feeding control ； Dioxins discharge ； Ignition loss ； Heavy metal in fly ash and bottom Ash

參考文獻

29.彭致和，以永續發展觀點探討垃圾焚化廠延長服役問題，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學環境工程與管理研究所，台北，2009。

57.吳家誠，「重金屬之化學物種分類與分析技術」，化學，第49卷，第四期，1996，第43-57頁。

30.行政院環境保護署，一般廢棄物資源循環推動計畫，台北：行政院環保署，2009。

39.黃奕叡，廢棄物焚化灰渣熱熔之研究，碩士論文，成功大學環境工程學系，台南，1992。

41.林佩璇，學校本位課程發展的個案研究: 台北縣鄉土教學活動的課程發展，博士論文，國立臺灣師範大學教育研究所，台北，1999。