傳統上板金單點增量成形,主要是以三軸的CNC銑床來執行。本文實驗探討若干特殊幾何形狀的板金產品製造採用CNC五軸加工機單點增量成形法,諸如包含斜凸緣孔的偏心錐、曲線側壁的偏心錐以及變化形狀錐管等。五軸加工機除了三個線性軸外還包含了兩個旋轉軸,可以五軸同動以適當的刀軸方位加工複雜形狀零件。本文研究,透過CAD/CAM系統的五軸加工模組,採用指向點法(Toward_Point)及側傾法(Tilt_Angle)設定刀軸方位之五軸加工法進行各項五軸單點增量成形加工實驗。由實驗結果顯示以五軸加工法成形的板金製品和三軸加工法相比,由於可設定刀軸方位而能加工的成品更具有彈性,並且在成品斷面厚度上亦有明顯的改善。
Conventionally, sheet metal single point incremental forming (SPIF) process was performed on the three-axis CNC milling machines. In this paper, experimental investigation for manufacturing some special geometric shape of sheet metal products such as eccentric cone with incline hole flange, eccentric cone with curve side wall, and varying shape cone tube by using SPIF process on CNC five-axis machine tool were carried out. In addition to three linear axes, five-axis machine tool also possesses two rotational axes. The CNC five-axis machine can control these five axes simultaneously for complex shape part machining with suitable tool axis orientation. In present study, through the five-axis module of CAD/CAM system, the Toward_Point five-axis helical tool path method was adapted for all five-axis SPIF process experiments. The experimental result reveals that the five-axis SPIF process has a good thickness improvement on the cross-section of the sheet metal parts in contrast to the three-axis SPIF process.