應用台灣地震損失評估系統於醫療院所病床數之研究

The Study of Applying the Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System to Assess Hospital Beds

謝吳嘉(Jia Xie Wu)

指導教授 ： 張寬勇

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

近年來台灣高度都市化，人口朝向於都會區集中，若發生大規模地震時，常造成大量的傷患，即產生該地區醫療院所病床數是否足夠收治大量傷患之問題。本研究以台北市為例，以歷史災害地震為假設地震，考慮地震參數之不確定性，以隨機亂數建立一系列模擬地震之參數，如地震規模、震源深度、斷層面及斷層開裂等參數，並應用國家地震中心所開發之台灣地震損失評估系統，模擬地震所導致之需住院人員數。進而評估震災時醫療院所所需病床數，首先將醫療院所病床數分為三階段，再以總病床數及占床率推估空床數後，以不同震災模擬事件評估台北市整體及各行政區醫療院所空床數是否可收治模擬之需住院人員數。研究結果顯示，以中山區、萬華區及文山區等區域，醫療院所病床數略顯不足，需由鄰近區域醫療院所支援及加強該區域緊急醫療處置能力，以供相關規劃者及政府單位之參考。

關鍵字

台灣地震損失評估系統 ； 震災境況模擬 ； 病床數 ； 空床數

並列摘要

In recent years, Taiwan has become highly urbanized. Most of the population lives in urban areas. This means that large-scale earthquakes could easily cause a great number of injured people. In this situation, determining whether the number of hospital beds is sufficient to accommodate the possible huge numbers of injured people has become an important issue for consideration. This study used Taipei as the research scenario and employed actual disasters which occurred in history to represent the hypothetical earthquake of the study. Uncertainty of earthquake parameters were taken into account and random numbers were used to generate a series of earthquake-simulative parameters, such as: earthquake scale, focal depth, fault plane, and fault rupture, etc. The Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System developed by the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering is used to simulate the number of injured people that might require hospital stay for medical care, and to estimate the number of beds needed in such a scenario. Firstly, beds in medical care institutes were subdivided into three levels. Secondly, vacant bed numbers were estimated based on the total bed number and bed occupancy rate. Finally, different earthquake simulations were used to examine whether the number of vacant beds in Taipei, and in all medical care institutes of all administrative districts, could meet the anticipated need to accommodate the simulated result of injured people requiring hospital stay for medical care. This study further discusses how to coordinate the vacant beds in medical care institutes of different administrative districts so that it would be possible for them to support each other when disaster happens. It is hoped that the study results can serve as useful reference for government authorities and related planners.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System ； Seismic Scenario Simulation ； hospital bed numbers ； vacant beds

參考文獻

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