應用於聚醯亞胺複合材料的多壁奈米碳管之改質研究

Study on Modification of Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes for Polyimide Composite

王靖維(Ching-Wei Wang)

指導教授 ： 程耀毅

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/有機高分子研究所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

奈米碳管具有優異的導電特性、熱性質及機械性質，是一個具有良好潛力的奈米添加材料，近年來被廣泛的應用於高分子複合材料上，但由於奈米碳管與高分子基材間的介面相容性不佳，易導致奈米碳管聚集成束而無法發揮其預期效果，因此在應用上必須對奈米碳管進行改質。本實驗以合成聚醯胺酸(PAA)加入導電材料多壁奈米碳管，以旋轉塗佈和階段性熱熟化步驟製備不同比例的聚醯亞胺/奈米碳管複材，並探討聚醯亞胺與奈米碳管的相容性。
另一部分則是將奈米碳管利用熱純化處理、超音波震盪、界面活性劑、高分子處理、化學處理(硫酸：硝酸=3：1)等方法改質奈米碳管。將這些已改質的奈米碳管均勻的分散於聚醯亞安中，進一步提升與高分子間的相容性及分散性。並利用傅立葉轉換紅外光譜儀(FTIR)及雷曼光譜儀(Raman)來鑑定化學結構，熱重損失分析儀(TGA)探討複材的熱穩定性質，萬能試驗機(Universal Test Machine)測定複材的機械性質，超絕緣儀(Super megohmmeter)觀測複材的導電性。藉由奈米碳管的高長徑比可在聚醯亞胺奈米基材中形成網狀分布的結構，有效的提升聚醯亞胺多壁奈米碳管複合材料的導電度，進一步的提升其熱穩定性及機械性質。

關鍵字

聚醯亞胺(PI) ； 多壁奈米碳管(MWCNTs) ； 奈米複合材料 ； 介面活性劑(Surfactant) ； 分散(Dispersions)

並列摘要

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) with excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical and thermal properties can be potentially used as nano-reinforcements in polymer composite, which has attracted much attention recently. The lack of interfacial interactions between CNTs and polymer matrix causes facile aggregaction of CNTs, therefore, it is necessary to modify CNT to enhance the compatibility within a polymer matrix. Various proportions of conductive multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were added to the polyamic acid (PAA) to prepare polyimide/carbon nanotube (PI/CNTs) composites by spin coating and four-step thermal curing.
In the second part of this study, we analyze the various modifications of MWNTs, various methods including thermal purification, ultra-sonication, surfactant treatment, polymer treatment, acid-treatment processes through the mixture of H2SO4/HNO3 (3:1 by volume). Homogenous dispersion of polyimide (PI) nanocomposites with various shares of these modified MWNTs was fabricated with an attempt to reinforce the property of compatibility and dispersion among polymers. The structure of modified MWCNTs was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and Raman spectrometer. The thermal properties of PI/CNTs nanocomposites were analyzed by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The mechanical properties and hardness of PI/CNTs nanocomposites were tested by Universal Test Machine. The electrical conductivity properties of PI/CNTs nanocomposites were obtained by Super Megohmmeter. In light of the high aspect ratio of CNTs, the formation of a network structure between PI and modified MWNT significantly improves electrical conductivity, thereby increasing its thermal and mechanical properties.

並列關鍵字

Polyimide(PI) ； Multi-wall carbon nanotubes(MWCNT) ； Nanocomposite ； Surfactant ； Dispersions

參考文獻

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