具再生煞車之變繞組馬達驅動器之研製

Design and Implementation of Variable Winding Motor Driver with Regenerative-Brake

顏聖家(Sheng-Jia Yan)

指導教授 ： 楊銘基

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本文針對電動機車普遍使用的無刷直流馬達，提出一種電子煞車暨能量回收方法，將煞車額外的動能轉換換為電能，再回充至電池。藉此改善電動機車續航力不足的問題，並且提升使用者騎乘的安全性與舒適性。本文所提出的再生煞車方法，僅藉由改變馬達正常運轉的電子柵位訊號，來達到可控制反向扭力煞車的目的。與現有的方法作為比較，不用額外的電路轉換，或者調整馬達的繞組結構來達到再生煞車。本文除了在煞車做能量回收外，亦設計了回油門的能量回收機制，讓電動車在安全性上，有如普通燃油車的引擎煞車效果。且為了避免馬達在高速運轉時，瞬間回收電流太大而造成電池的傷害，本研究將藉由程式演算法，控制回收電流以保護電池並且提供一個平順可靠的煞車扭力。本文最後並以變繞組永磁無刷直流馬達於Wye結線狀態與Delta結線狀態做分析。

關鍵字

變繞組馬達 ； 能量回收 ； Wye結線 ； Delta結線 ； 電動機車

並列摘要

This study proposes a novel method of the electric brake with energy-regeneration for the brushless DC motor (BLDCM) of the electric scooter (E-Scooter). The proposed method could convert the kinetic energy into the electric one to recover the battery during the braking period. Thus, the driving range of the electric scooter can be increased by the method of the energy-regeneration; furthermore, the safety and comfort of the driver could be improved by the electric brake. The proposed method could change the switching signals of motor driver to control the inverse torque during the braking period. Compared with the presented methods, the proposed solution achieves the goal of the energy-regeneration without additional converter or changing windings of the motor stator. In addition to the braking period, the period of release throttle is included in the energy-regeneration mechanism such that the electric scooter has a similar function of the engine brake for the driving safety. Furthermore, the battery may be injured by the surge regeneration current in the high speed duration. Therefore, the proposed strategy could control the current to protect the battery and provides a smooth and reliable brake. The system drives electric vehicles of the variable winding motor, while analyses the wye connected status and delta connected state.

並列關鍵字

Variable Winding Motor ； energy-regeneration ； delta-connected ； wye-connected ； electric scooter

參考文獻

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