過去外資企業將中國視為重要的銷售開發地區,對中國的投資動機也逐漸改變,由過往以降低生產成本提升外銷競爭力的成本導向,逐漸轉向為開發中國廣大潛在內需市場的市場導向,而中國大陸的消費物價指數(CPI)、進出口規模以及中國外匯存底快速增加,使中國已成為各國外資企業熱門的投資地區。 但近年來,中國人力成本提高、人民幣升值、原物料成本上漲,加上全球經濟不景氣等因素,使外資企業減緩對中國的投資。尤其中國人民生活水準逐漸提高,文化差異、經營理念、法律規範、人才素質不齊等因素,對欲拓展中國市場的外資企業帶來許多挑戰。因此本研究利用文獻分析法,探討日本、韓國、台灣、美國外資企業到中國投資現況和所面臨的困難,並根據研究分析結果提出建議。本研究結果顯示,外資企業在中國投資所面臨到的問題主要是政治問題、經營管理理念不合、投資成本增加、仿冒盜版嚴重、缺乏關鍵技術人才,因此外資企業未來在中國投資必須先制定合理的投資策略,並進行市場調查以了解當地的政策、文化、投資項目及產業發展概況,在積極培養本土化管理和技術人才,以做為未來外資企業拓展投資項目以及未來外資企業發展之基礎。
Foreign enterprises, originally invested in China for export due to cost-oriented purpose, currently have altered to boost Chinese domestic demand. China has become world-wide foreign enterprises' investment popular region on account of his arising CPI, swift increasing foreign trades and foreign exchange reserve. Owing to recently enhanced Chinese labor and material costs, appreciation of RMB, and global depression, foreign-capitalized investment has seceded gradually, not to mention the challenges confronted---different culture, management philosophy, and laws and decrees. This study utilizes" documents analysis" to explore the current situation and perplexities faced by Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and United States. The results of the study reveal that foreign enterprises have to train up local talented labors, better understand local decrees, culture and characteristic of various industries there so as to develop their markets in China.