社區防災輔導機制之研究-以社區防救災總體營造實施計畫案例為對象

台灣近幾年發生過的多起重大天然災害，常因政府無法充分因應，導致救災成效不佳。而社區是民眾公共生活中最基本的單元，在災害無法避免、政府救災效率不高的情況下，居民必須培養面對災害最前線的自主能力，減少生命財產損失的可能性。以往防災社區的推動著重在山區等土石流的潛勢災害地區進行，較無針對都市型社區探討研究；但都市型社區與鄉村型社區，在基本型態與環境條件上不同，所產生的災害類型、應變措施與防災對策上也會有所差異；比較兩者的差異與個別之優缺點，進而找出更適合不同類型社區的防災推動方式，是在近年逐漸重視社區防災觀念之中一個更加值得深入探討的課題。本研究擇定金華社區與龍興社區作為個案研究社區，並透過參與觀察及訪談，收集參與居民在推動社區防救災的過程中所表現出的反應與意見，以及社區居民、專家學者與政府部門之看法，檢討課程和活動的設計，比較都市型社區與鄉村型社區有何異同之處，進而提出適合兩種不同型態社區在推動防救災工作時之輔導機制，作為未來協助社區推動防救災工作之參考，並引導後續研究能針對更多不同型態社區提出更詳盡的觀點與看法。

關鍵字

社區；社區防災；工作坊

並列摘要

There were several huge natural disaster took place in Taiwan recently. What caused such inefficient disaster management is approximately due to improper response from the government. Because community is the smallest unit for civic living, how to bring citizens up self-protective ability to against disaster becomes an important issue. Thus, community-based disaster management (CBDM for short) is proposed. CBDM was often implemented in rural areas where landslide happened and it seldom to be promoted in an urban community. Nevertheless, the environmental characteristics between rural areas and urban ones are different and these always lead to different strategies for disaster management. To search for a proper implementing mechanism of CBDM for different types of communities becomes a critical issue recently. In this study, the Jin-hwa Community and Long-hsing Community were selected as research objects. The research methods are including participating and observing, interview, opinions and responses of residents. To compare the results from operating workshops between Jin-hwa Community (urban style) and Long-hsing Community (rural style), the mechanism of CBDM for two different communities is proposed. Through the operating processes, viewpoints among residents, experts and the public sectors were verified; besides, the differences from design of curriculum and exercises were shown up. The finding will helps who wants to implement CBDM in the future. Furthermore, the findings also provide some hints for researches continuing aftertime.

並列關鍵字

Community ； Community-based disaster management (CBDM for short) ； workshop

參考文獻

16.陳樹群、林志寶、馮智偉(2004)，由九十三年度重大土砂災害探討坡地社區防災推動，國立中興大學水土保持學系

15.陳素珠(2004)，九二一重建區民眾對土石流防災認知之研究─以南投縣中寮鄉為例，國立中興大學水土保持學系

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3.Jie-Ying Wu, Liang-Chun Chen, Yi-Chung Liu (2004), A Study of Community Based Disaster Management in the US, Japan and Taiwan

5.United Nations Centre for Regional Development Disaster Management Planning Hyogo Office (2003), Sustainability in Grass-Roots Initiatives -Focus on Community Based Disaster Management

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社區防災輔導機制之研究-以社區防救災總體營造實施計畫案例為對象

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