隨著全球化競爭的日益激烈,台灣已經正式邁入「服務經濟」階段。隨著台灣於2002年加入WTO,國內也將會陸續開放更多外國金融業者進入國內市場;因此,銀行業的競爭更加激烈。在企業經營管理中,想要提高組織效能,組織領導者的風格也就成為值得探討的問題之ㄧ。由於銀行業的服務績效是無形的,故領導者更需藉以追隨者為導向的僕人式領導的方式,加強員工對組織的認同,進而引發員工在提供服務時所做出的角色外的行為,增加在同業間的競爭優勢。 本研究經由文獻分析與專家諮詢法,編製出具有良好信度與效度之「僕人式領導」量表,並以台灣銀行業之基層員工為施測對象,採取分層立意抽樣方式共發出1,200份問卷,共計回收有效問卷368份,有效回收率為30.67%,並應用變異數分析、迴歸分析、Pearson 積差相關分析、層級迴歸分析與結構模式分析(SEM)等統計方法驗證本研究之假設,根據統計分析結果歸納出研究結論如下:1. 僕人式領導、組織認同與服務導向公民行為均有顯著正向關係,且均能產生顯著正向影響;2. 組織認同與服務導向公民行為有顯著正向關係,且能產生顯著正向影響;3. 組織認同在僕人式領導與服務導向公民行為關係上具有顯著之中介效果4.整體關係模式具有良好之適配程度;5僕人式領導會因領導與成員交換關係之干擾作用對組織認同產生顯著正向影響。最後就本研究之結論與管理意涵作深入探討,並呈現具體之研究貢獻與建議,以供企業界及學術界參酌。
Amongst the struggling of global competition, Taiwan truly has entered the “Service Economic” era. Since Taiwan entered the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2002, there will likely be more foreign financial institutions seeking entry into Taiwan, which will spark other revolutions among the banking industry. Different styles of leadership arouse different sorts of normative motivation among followers. Since you could not feel the “true” services in banking, the way the leaders treat the subordinates is the focal issue. This research assumes that the leader should follow the “follower-oriented leadership” which may be defined as servant leadership. Applying this method should increase the organizational identification of the employees, who will have the incentives to take more action to improve the competence of the company. This study developed the measuring scale on servant leadership with adequate content validity and reliability through literature analysis and expert consultation, with banking as the subject of study. After using stratified and purposive sampling, there were 368 effective questionnaires returned among 1,200 questionnaires distributed, with a usable return rate of 30.67%. The data was analyzed by a variety of statistical methods, such as Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, ANOVA and SEM. After integrating the results of empirical analysis, the findings of the study are as follows: 1. Servant leadership has significant positive correlation and effect on organizational identification and service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior; 2. Organizational identification has significant positive correlation on service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior; 3. Organizational identification shows significant intervening effects on the servant leadership and service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior; 4. Good model of relationship exists among each construct; 5. Servant leadership has significant positive effects on effectiveness of leader-member exchange theory with a moderating affect of transfer climate. Finally, this summary takes the deep discussion with the conclusions and management implications of this study and presents the concrete contributions and suggestions to be references by the enterprises and the academic sphere.
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