環境為人類社會共有資源,河川環境管理成為當今人類生活重要之課題。二仁溪河川環境關乎在地居民之健康與生態,為了有效管理二仁溪流域環境問題,除了工程技術之改變,更需要改變家戶的態度與行為。 本研究目的在瞭解二仁溪流域家戶對於河川污染環境認知、態度與行動參與意願之間的關聯強度。為達此目的,根據環境認知、態度與行為相關文獻建構出河川污染衝擊模型概念圖,並提出研究假說,並以問卷所得資料進行假說驗證。探討二仁溪流域家戶特性之「性別」、「年齡」、「教育程度」、「年收入」與「居住時間」,以對數線性模型分析探討不同家戶特性水準下「環境認知與環境態度」、「環境態度與環境行為」和「環境認知與環境行為」之間的關聯強度。 本研究發現:1.環境認知、態度與行為之間互有關聯,二仁溪流域家戶河川污染環境認知程度愈高,擔憂家人生活健康受影響之環境態度也愈高,相對上其行動參與意願也愈高;2.環境認知和態度、環境態度和行為、環境認知和行為,在不同家戶特性下有顯著之差別。研究發現「高教育程度」、「居住時間愈久」與「男性」之家戶,河川污染環境認知與態度愈高,愈傾向參與相關行動作為。最後本研究建議,應該提昇「低教育程度」、「青壯年以下」、「居住時間較短」與「女性」之環境認知與態度,透過宣傳環境教育之方法、設計相關活動、環境教育實施於大專院校、中學與社區大學與相關河川環境教育中心的成立,以提昇家戶對河川污染的環境認知與態度,進而刺激影響其實際行動作為。
Watershed management has been critical to human beings, since it is a congregation of various common resources where conflicts rooted. The pollution of the Er Ren Creek, Taiwan since 70’s raises significant healthy and ecological concerns. Besides engineering measures, Er Ren watershed management should reflect the attitude and behavior of its residents. The purpose of this study is to examine the association among environmental perception, attitude, and behavior at the household level, considering pre-existing pollution situation. It proposes a “watershed pollution impact model” that comprises environmental perception, attitude, and behavior; thus, establish associated research hypotheses. The research uses household social-economic factors, such as sex, age, educational level, income, and teure as controlling variables. Log-linear models is the statistical tools to examine the association among variables. This research reveals, 1. there are significant association among environmental perception, attitude, and behavior, which conforms the “wtatershed pollution impact model.” Higher perceived pollution level leads to higher salience; consequently, positively affect the adopted measures. 2. The association among environmental perception, attitude, and behavior varies by household social-economic conditions. Male household heads with higher educational level and longer tenure perceived severer pollution problem, higher salience, and are more likely to react to pollution issues. The research suggests that the public sector should encourage younger households with lower educational level, shorter tenure, and has female household head to join in environmental education and activities, thus affect environmental perception and attitude. Such environmental education and activities could be held by local secondary schools or community colleges. Also, an education center for specific watershed or specific issues might strengthen household environmental perception and attitude, thus initiate practical actions.
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