社區防救災需求認知之研究

Research on The Perception of Community Disaster Prevention and Response Demand

顏宏松(Hung-Sung Yan)

指導教授 ： 周士雄

長榮大學/管理學院/土地管理與開發研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

從過去許多的災害經驗發現，具有防救災能力的社區能夠有效減緩災害所造成的損失；許多學者亦針對社區層級的災害防救課題進行研究，並提出「防災社區」的觀念。過去以社區為對象的災害防救相關研究大多關注在防救災體系檢討、社區防救災推動、防災社區形成要素以及社區災害防救對策研擬等。然而，提升社區防救災工作效率的關鍵仍在於考量符合社區本身的災害特性與防救災資源需求。因此本研究將從社區防救災需求的層面進行探討。
首先透過相關文獻回顧，依社區執行防災社區時所涉及之相關事項建構出組織、設施設備、行動、空間以及制度等五個層面的社區防救災需求項目，並選擇三個具有颱洪災害、地震災害及火災爆炸災害潛勢的社區進行調查；其次分別說明不同社區及居民特性對於社區防救災需求兩者間之需求，以瞭解不同社區及居民特性所反映出之防救災需求差異；最後藉由社區基本分析找出具代表性之社區及居民特性作為影響社區防救災需求之因素。此結果可提供相關單位有效執行防救災工作之參考。

關鍵字

防災社區 ； 社區防救災需求

並列摘要

From the past experiences, if a community is well equipped with the ability of disaster prevention, the damages caused by disasters can be reduced efficiently. Therefore, many scholars have endeavored to study the issues of community disaster prevention and proposed the idea of “Disaster Resistant Community.”The past studies on community disaster prevention were mainly focused on reviewing the disaster prevention system, promoting community disaster prevention, analyzing the factors of forming disaster resistant communities, and proposing the strategies to prevent community disasters. However, to improve the work of community disaster prevention, the key factor is to consider the characteristics of the community disasters as well as the required response resources for preventing the disasters. This study aims to discuss the required response resources for preventing the community disasters.
Firstly, the overall items of the required resources for five types as organizations, facilities, actions, space and systems,etc.are sorted by reviewing the related literatures. At the same time to choose three communities there have disaster of hurricane, earthquake and fire to survey separately. Secondly, to show the Disaster Prevention and Response demand of various communities and to compere their difference. Finally, according to community basic analysis to find the representative factors that can influence the demand of community disaster Prevention and Response. Prospectively, the study can provide important information for the disaster prevention departments to execute their tasks more efficiently.

並列關鍵字

Disaster Resistant Community ； Disaster Prevention and Response demand

參考文獻

10.林淑鎂(2004)，『地方層級都市安全防災規劃內容架構與地震災害評估模式』，台北科技大學建築與都市設計研究所碩士論文。

15.曹建宇(2002)，『地震災害經驗與調適行為之比較研究--以臺南縣白河、臺中縣東勢為例』，臺灣大學地理環境資源學研究所碩士論文。

1.Blakely, E. J. （1989）, “Community Development Research: Concepts, Issues and Strategies, Human Sciences”, New York.

3.Burton, I., Kates, R.W. and White, G.F. （1993）. “The Environment As Hazard”. 2nd ed., New York: Oxford University.

6.Neal, David M. Brenda D. Phillips (1995), “Effective Emergency Management: Reconsidering the Bureaucratic Approach”, Disaster, vol 19, NO. 4: 327-337.