船舶大型化經濟性之研究

The Research on the Economy of Jumbo Containerships

楊文嘉(Wen-Chia Yang)

指導教授 ： 郭塗城

長榮大學/管理學院/經營管理研究所(博)/碩士(2009年)

摘要

根據Clarksons Ship Register統計資料顯示，2007年7,500TEU以上之大型貨櫃船佔總運量之12.04%；2008年7,500TEU以上之大型貨櫃船佔總運量之14.39%；2009年7,500TEU以上之大型貨櫃船佔總運量之15.73%，可見貨櫃船大型化為未來海運市場發展趨勢之一。
本研究之目的有二，一為分析並比較不同大小貨櫃船之單位成本變化；另一為探討不同情境下大型貨櫃船舶之經濟性。
研究結果發現貨櫃船平均單位成本隨載櫃數增加而遞減，此即為航商在訂造大型貨櫃船之重要考量因素之一，當貨櫃船大型化至一定程度後，其單位成本遞減速度將隨之趨緩；另以往在探討貨櫃船大型化後所會面臨之問題，皆沒有對信用狀交貨期限問題予以研究，本研究發現信用狀交貨期限會影響託運人裝船之意願；大型貨櫃船在滿載情況時具有平均單位成本隨載櫃數增加而遞減之特性，但研究結果發現當未達滿載狀況時，大型貨櫃船其未必具有優勢。

關鍵字

貨櫃船大型化 ； 貨櫃船成本 ； 平均單位成本

並列摘要

According to the statistical data, in 2007, jumbo containerships with over 7,500 TEU will be 12.04% of the total loading. in 2008, jumbo containerships with over 7,500 TEU will be 14.39% of the total loading. in 2009, jumbo containerships with over 7,500 TEU will be 15.73% of the total loading.It shows that jumbo containerships will be one of the developing trends of future sea shipping market. There were two purposes in this research: one was to analyze the cost structure of the ships as the reference for the shippers’ evaluation of ship cost before ordering the ships; the other was to analyze the benefit after jumbo containerships as the criteria for the shippers when ordering new ships.

The research found out that the fixed cost of each TEU of the container reduced with the increase of TEU. It was one of the factors considered by the shippers when ordering jumbo containerships; in addition, in the past, when exploring the problems after jumbo containerships, the researchers did not study the deadline of L/C delivery. This research found out that the deadline of L/C delivery would affect the will of the clients’ shipping. When being fully loaded, jumbo containerships had the characteristic that the fixed cost of each TEU reduced with the increase of TEU. However, the research result found out that when jumbo containerships were not fully loaded, they did not necessarily have the advantage. In addition, jumbo containerships had the characteristic that the fixed cost of each TEU reduced with the increase of TEU. However, since the cycle of jumbo containerships was longer, these ships needed more ships.

並列關鍵字

jumbo containerships ； ship cost ； cost of each TEU

參考文獻

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1.Clarksons Ship Register 2006.

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