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  • 學位論文

銀行往來關係、投資支出與融資限制之實證研究

Banking Relationships, Investment Expenditures and Financial Constraints in Taiwanese Listed Companies.

指導教授 : 俞海琴
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摘要


有別於以往文獻在衡量銀行往來關係程度時僅考慮單一代理變數(如,往來銀行家數或銀行債比率)可能造成的缺失,本研究試著同時考量往來銀行家數與(長期)銀行債比率,來衡量企業和銀行之間的往來關係程度,進而探討此借貸往來關係是否有助於改善企業在投資時所面臨的融資限制問題。另一方面,本研究亦考量銀行融資是否為企業唯一的籌資管道,亦即將是否有發行過公募債與往來銀行家數同時納入分組的考量,以了解當企業可同時採用私募債與公募債的管道來籌措資金時,是否會影響到銀行往來關係程度對於解釋融資限制的效果。   本研究利用579家台灣上市公司之1991年至2000年的年資料,共5790個觀測值做為研究樣本;實證上所採用之研究方法為Panel Data固定效果模型。然而對於融資限制程度的衡量,主要是利用投資的現金流量敏感度,即投資函數中現金流量的估計系數來說明融資限制的程度。   本研究發現,當企業愈依賴銀行債且僅和少數幾家銀行往來時,將面臨較高的融資限制;同樣地,當銀行債中多屬於三年以上的中長期借款且僅和少數幾家銀行往來時,企業將面臨較嚴重的融資限制問題。相反地,當企業之(長期)銀行債比率較高但和較多的銀行往來時,反而未面臨融資限制的問題。可見,企業和銀行往來關係愈密切時,反而會面臨訊息獨佔或套牢成本等負面的效果,導致企業在向銀行訂定借款契約時反而處於較不利的地位,進而面臨較高的融資限制。另一方面,在進一步考量企業是否發行過公募債的實證結果中發現:當銀行為企業唯一的籌資管道時,此時不管往來銀行家數多寡,企業都將面臨嚴重的融資限制問題;相對地,若企對可同時藉由銀行債與公募債來籌措資金時,所面臨的融資限制相對較低。

並列摘要


This study simultaneously adopts the number of banking relationships and (long term) bank debt ratios as the proxies to evaluate the banking relationships between firms and banks. Furthermore, the study analyzes whether the close banking relationships is useful to relieve the financial constraints when firms enhance funds from external capital markets. In addition, this study considers whether firms have issued the public debts or not. And them I discuss whether this factor will cause the different effects on banking relationships to financial constraints. This study uses the panel data fixed effect model as the empirical methodology. Meanwhile, this study follows Fazzari, Hubbard and Peterson’s study that apply the investment – cash flow sensitivity to evaluate the level of financial constraints. There are two important research findings in this study. Firstly, firms that hold high bank debt ratios and have fewer numbers of banking relationships will meet higher financial constraint as well as the firms that hold high long term bank debt ratios and have fewer numbers of banking relationships. On the contrary, firms that hold high bank debt ratios or long term bank debt ratios but have many numbers of banking relationships will not meet financial constraint problems. This result implicates that firms relying on bank financing will suffer some negative costs as the information monopoly and hold-up cost. These negative factors cause the firms to stand on worse positions when they contract the lending agreements with banks and them to meet serious financial constraint. Secondly, if firms can only use the bank financing to enhance external fund, they will suffer serious financial constraint. On the contrary, if firms can simultaneously raise fund from bank debt and public debt, they will face lower financial constraints.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


蔡莉玉(2007)。本國銀行併購對中小企業融資的影響〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700428
林凱智(2007)。銀行關係、經理人持股與現金持有 -台灣上市公司之實證研究-〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700275

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