以結構整合觀點探討組織設計模式—以I.S.M.為分析工具

To Establish an Analytical Model for Organizational Structure Design by Using I.S.M. Methodology

李家豪(Chia-Hao Lee)

指導教授 ： 顧志遠

中原大學/商學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200500413

摘要

組織設計會攸關組織運作的效能，而一個組織設計的優劣，更會影響公司目標與策略執行的成果。在整體組織結構設計之部門劃分的選擇，過去的方法有製程別、功能別、產品別、地區別、顧客別、混和別與水平別，但在執行劃分的過程中，往往缺少無客觀的部門劃分依據來佐證。
本研究選擇組織設計為題，但不同以往的是，將以導入I.S.M.(Interpretation of Structural Model, 詮釋結構模式)作為切入主題，企圖透過自然科學與社會科學兩方面的觀念透鏡，以整個系統的關聯性觀點、流程觀點或影響性觀點，作為部門劃分的依據，來進行組織設計分析。
研究的方法乃採文獻分析、專家諮詢以及實例建置進行推導與探索，以獲得理論面與實證面之研究結果。研究內容為經由文獻探討以作為理論研究之基礎與實例建置之步驟依據，並透過專家學者的徵詢確認，得以驗證本研究理論模式之適用性，使研究更具完整及周延，最後獲得研究結論及未來建議之方向。依據本研究過程中之發現將研究結果歸結下列幾點：
1. 在進行較多元素的組織設計時，以採行導入權重觀點作修正與輔助之R.I.S.M.方法來比較分析，可得最適階層結構圖作為組織設計之母本。
2. 將不同權重的下限所求得的階層影響關係圖相互比較後，找出以何權重所形成的階層影響關係圖最為合適作為內部部門劃分的依據。
3. I.S.M.求得的階層影響關係圖亦可作為劃分組織內部層級的依據，或是以此安排資深人員和資淺人員。
4. 組織若欲增設內部層級，或是欲改編為較扁平化的組織，可藉由調整權重的下限，求得新的階層影響關係圖，作為新組織結構設計的母本。
囿於人力及時間限制，本研究之實證探討僅為小部門的組織設計，希冀日後透過類似研究，可以擴大研究範圍至整體部門、整個計畫或跨部門的組織設計與改編。另外建議後續研究可進一步地發展F.S.M.(Fuzzy Structural Modeling)之實證研究，以多元邏輯運算方式來掌握人類決策上的一些不確定因素，讓組織設計更富彈性與精確，也更符合人類模糊思維模式的可能性及可行性。

關鍵字

詮釋結構模式 ； I.S.M. ； 權重詮釋結構模式 ； 組織再造 ； 組織設計

並列摘要

There are quite a few topic discussions regarding the subject of “business organization,” such as organization and management, organization task, organization control, organization design, organization reform, and organization re-establishment. However, organization design is the deciding factor on the efficiency of an organization’s operation. Moreover, organization design can affect a business’ goal and strategy implementation.
In designing the organization structure in terms of departments, it used to be divided into manufacture, function, production, region, customer, and mixed horizontal division; yet, the actual dividing was done according to administrators’ intuition, instead of objectivity.
This study explores the model of organization design from organization structure point of view; conversely, it differs from other studies because the I.S.M. is applied. This study that analyzes organization design attempts to discuss the divisions of departments with correlation, procedure, and effects of the whole system through the views of science and social science.
This study attempts to achieve both theoretical and empirical results by doing content analysis, interviews with experts, and investigating an actual case. The whole study is based on content analysis and practical models; moreover, which has been proved by experts in the relative field, so that the result of this theory study possesses more authority. Thus, this study is more complete and eventually it reaches the conclusion and the how-to for possible follow-up. Conclusions of the study:
1. Matrix calculation software can save time and energy; moreover, it increases the efficiency of making schedule.
2. Through I.S.M. polynomial functions to lessen cognitive load.
3. Decision makers should clearly grasp the definitions of the elements.
4. While doing the organization design with more elements, original I.S.M. should be considered as primary.
Due to the constriction of manpower and time, this study only covers the organization design of a small department. Certainly, if given the opportunity, a similar study will take place to cover the whole department, plan, or multi-department design. Furthermore, it is suggested that a study can be conducted on FSM (Fuzzy Structural Modeling) as a follow-up. This will include using fuzzy logic to apprehend some uncertainties in human decisions making. It also quantifies those uncertainties in order for an organization to operate so that the organization design will be more flexible and precise. Undoubtedly, it also increases the possibility and feasibility that the organization design conforms to humans’ fuzzy logic model.

並列關鍵字

organization design ； R.I.S.M. ； W.I.S.M. ； I.S.M.

參考文獻

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