在二階逆向物流存貨系統中考量產品的退化性並運用定價與訂購策略使整體利潤最大化

An optimal ordering and pricing policy for deteriorating item under the two-echelon inventory system in reverse logistics

許賀軒(He-Hsuan Hsu)

指導教授 ： 邱裕方

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201000780

摘要

中文摘要

逆向物流的存貨管理有別於正向物流的存貨管理，其差異在於逆向物流在存貨管理時，須將回收品納入整體的考量規劃之中。然而，目前在二階逆向物流存貨系統的相關文獻上，大多都是探討電子元件的可利用性，與產品的消耗在需求發生的時候。而卻鮮少討論到考慮電子元件的退化性，且由於考量電子元件的退化性導致產品存貨，除了顧客需求之外，同時也會因為退化的因素而降低良品的存貨水準。因此本研究參考相關的逆向物流存貨系統與產品退化性之研究，探討在二階逆向物流存貨系統中，加入產品退化性之因素，對既有的存貨模式產生什麼影響。且藉由模式的推導求得最佳的新品訂購批量與新品價格，並加入新品銷售週期允許缺貨的策略下，對於整個存貨系統的總利潤是否有影響。接著藉由模式的分析與驗證，來檢定兩模式之間的聯合總存貨成本是否存在顯著差異。最後從數值範例與敏感度分析中可以得知，當考慮產品退化性於二階逆向物流存貨系統時，製造商選擇允許缺貨後補的策略，會比選擇不允許缺貨的策略帶來更多的利潤。

關鍵字

逆向物流 ； 二階存貨系統 ； 完全缺貨後補 ； 產品退化性

並列摘要

Abstract

Inventory management in reverse logistics is different from that in logistics, and it should take the returned products into consideration. Most of the previous papers related to two-echelon inventory system in reverse logistics only discussed the usability of electronic components and the consumption of products when demand occurs. However, the variation of inventory level not only would be affected by customer demand, but also the deterioration of electronic components. This study focused on the two-echelon inventory system in reverse logistics and the deterioration of electronic components. Therefore, this study combined the consideration of deterioration and two-echelon inventory system in reverse logistic, and derived the optimal lot-size and selling price of new product. Moreover, this study added the consideration of backlogging in the model, and then tested whether there is a significant difference for joint total inventory cost between two models. The results of numerical example and sensitivity analysis presented that, considering the deteriorating products in two-echelon inventory system in reverse logistics, the profit of choosing the strategy of the backlogging would be more than one of choosing the prohibition of the backlogging.

並列關鍵字

Backlogging ； Deteriorating Item ； Reverse Logistics ； Two-Echelon Inventory System

參考文獻

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