Michael E. Porter (2001)提出企業透過創新形成競爭優勢。它們在各種領域包括新科技與新的做事方式中發展創新、察覺新的競爭基礎,或從舊的方法中找出更好的競爭方法。創新可以放在新的產品設計、新的生產流程、新的行銷方法或是一種新的訓練方法。任何企業一旦停止改善與創新,終將被競爭者取代。創新的最終目的在於創造價值與提昇績效。台灣製造業在政府長期的獎勵下投入創新研究,而創新投入與企業績效產出的效益為何? 過去相關研究證實創新與績效具有正相關,競爭力與績效也具有正相關,但是過去相關研究並未考慮在不同的產業競爭強度下是否會影響技術創新、管理創新對企業績效結果,企業在投入創新前預期與實際間的差異評估,將有助於企業有效控制投入創新之成本,而不會一昧的不斷投入,未考慮產業間存在不可突破之原始限制,亦或是投入技術創新與管理創新的比重調整? 本研究將針對管理創新與企業績效之關係、技術創新與企業績效之關係、企業創新共同對企業績效之關係、產業競爭強度與企業績效之關係,企業創新與產業競爭強度共同對企業績效之關係進行研究。 本研究以台灣證券交易所掛牌上市公司為研究對象,模型變數資料來源有TSEC台灣證券交易所、經濟部智慧財產局、行政院主計處、各公司網站,選取股東報酬率、專利數量、證書數量、產業家數等變數,探討彼此間關係,進行迴歸分析及T檢定。 實證結果顯示,在管理創新與企業績效關係呈正向顯著之關係,在產業競爭強度與企業績效關係呈正向顯著性之關係,在「管理創新、技術創新、產業競爭強度」三者交互間之關係與企業績效關係呈正向顯著性關係符合本研究之假說。
Michael E. Porter (2001) pointed out that business achieves Competitive Superiority through Innovation. There are various areas, including new science and new way of doing things to explore innovation, discover core competitiveness, or from available methods to deploy better ways of competition. The innovation can be a new product design, a new production process, new sales and marketing way or a new method of training, etc. Any business once ceases improving and innovating, sooner or later it will be displaced by the competitors. The aim of innovation is creating value and enhancing performance. The manufacturers in Taiwan long time carry out innovations under the sponsorship of the government incentive scheme. However, how is the actual benefit of the company performance from the investment on innovation? The research aims at the study on the relationship between Managerial Innovation and business achievement, between Technical Innovation and business performance, between integrated innovation and business performance, between integrated innovation with industry competitive intensity and business achievement. The target of this study focuses on TSEC (Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation) Listed Companies. The data of Model Variables, such as ROE, number of patents, number of certificates, and number of industries, are from TSEC, MOEA (Ministry of Economic Affairs), R.O.C., TIPO (Taiwan Intellectual Property Office), DGBAS (Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, R.O.C.), and webs of industries, are for studying the mutual relations, Regression Analysis and T Test. The findings show that the Managerial Innovation has the positive relation with business performance; the intensity of business competitiveness has the positive relation with business performance; and the Managerial Innovation ,the Technical Innovation and the intensity of business competitiveness, the three interaction are also positively related with the business performance. They are agreeable to our hypothesis.
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