日治時期臺灣鐵道車站官舍區之研究

A Research of Official Residential Areas of Taiwan Railway during Japanese Governance

趙德明(Te-Ming Chao)

指導教授 ： 堀込憲二

中原大學/設計學院/建築研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201200777

摘要

鐵道設施除了車站本體以外，周邊的附屬設施也扮演著重要的角色，因為有它們的存在才足以構成完整的鐵道系統。目前鐵道相關著述與研究不乏鐵道歷史背景或是車站材料樣式，對於車站站區周邊附屬設施之探討不多，本研究希望透過文獻的蒐集與現況調查，將日治時期鐵道站區周邊附屬設施中與「居住」有關之鐵道官舍做一探討。透過研究依附著車站興建的官舍區，讓我們了解到身為政府機關的鐵道部對於員工們居住的官舍有著一套嚴謹的規範及制度，除了象徵政府的形象與身份地位外，也確保員工們的生活環境及居住品質。
本研究以日治時期臺灣總督府鐵道部經營之鐵道「車站職員官舍區」為主，主要分為四個部分：

1.探討鐵道發展與鐵道部官制、官舍標準與法規，藉此了解官制等級與官舍標準的關係以及官舍的相關規定。

2.探討官舍區整體空間構成，依車站規模由小型、中型、大型車站各列舉案例做分析，共分為(1)位置與發展演變、(2)規模與空間分區、(3)官舍等級配置與動線等三部分。

3.探討官舍區建築單元之空間構成，分為官舍單元及公共設施兩大部分，官舍單元以等級由高至低分為(1)高等官舍、(2)甲種官舍、(3)乙及丙種官舍，分析其平面、立面、屋頂形式、戶外空間；公共設施則分為(1)集會所、(2)共同炊事場及食堂、(3)共同浴室、(4)消費部、(5)乘務員宿泊所、(6)水井，分析其平面構成。

4.探討台灣目前鐵道官舍現況與已修復再利用之案例，並整理出現今尚存具代表性之官舍區。

關鍵字

再利用 ； 日治時期 ； 鐵道 ； 日式宿舍 ； 官舍

並列摘要

Besides the main building of railway stations, the accessory facilities of railway are also playing the important role. Only has their existence can constitute the complete railway system. At present, the writings and researches of railway are almost about railway history and the materials or styles of the stations. Only few discussed the accessory facilities of railway. By the literature collection and surveys lets us understand that as a government organization of Taiwanese Governor General’s Office, Ministry of Railway also has rigorous standard and system for official residential district of railway. These standards and systems aren’t only symbolizing the status and the image of government, also guarantees staffs' quality of living and environment.
This research is based on “residences of station staff” of Ministry of Railway during Japanese Governance and divided into four parts and here are the followings:

1.In order to understand the rules of railway official residences and the relationship between government system rank and rules of railway official residences, this part discussed development of railway and government system during Japanese Governance, also standards and regulations of railway official residences.

2.This part discusses the composition of the whole residential areas by station scales, giving an example to analyse in the small-sized stations, medium-sized stations and large-sized stations. The contents divided into three parts：(1) the location and development, (2) the size and partition, (3) the residence arrangement and traffic flow.

3.This part discusses the composition of the residence unit and divides into two parts of the residential-unit and public facilities. To analyse the floor plans, facades, roof forms, outdoor space of residential units, and divided into: (1) senior residences, (2) ordinary residences, (3) B and C class residences. To analyse the floor plans of public facilities and divided into (1) club (2) common kitchen and dining room, (3) common bathroom, (4) shops, (5) crew accommodations, (6) wells.

4.Finally, arranges present situation of railway official residences in Taiwan and the cases that has repaired. Then sort out the representative of railway official residences today.

並列關鍵字

Japanese-style residence ； reuse ； Japanese Governance period ； railway ； official residence

參考文獻

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