透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.149.233.72
  • 學位論文

透過團體藝術治療引導特殊需求幼兒發展執行功能之個案研究

A Case Study of How Group Art Therapy Helps Children with Special Needs to Develop Executive Functions

指導教授 : 曾淑賢
若您是本文的作者,可授權文章由華藝線上圖書館中協助推廣。

摘要


執行功能是一系列認知能力的統稱,在執行功能的運作下,個人將抽象無形的思想連結和轉化為具體的行動。個人在從事目標導向的活動過程中,透過注意規則和抑制控制,達到設計規畫和解決問題,因此它是發展過程當中極為重要的能力。而根據研究指出,大部份的特殊需求幼兒在執行功能上有明顯的缺陷。本研究即在探討團體藝術治療如何引導特殊需求幼兒發展執行功能之歷程。 本研究採用質性研究的個案研究法,北區一早療中心所提供給發展遲緩兒童的藝術治療團體並以三名年齡介於四到六歲的特殊幼兒作為研究對象。研究者在為期八週,每週一次的團體藝術治療課程當中以訪談、觀察、錄影以及執行功能問卷的方式蒐集資料。 研究結果發現,當治療師與家長之間有良好的信任關係,加上適當的策略協助促使三名參與幼兒在活動期間無論在計劃、抑制轉換能力上都有明顯的提升,且對於其人際互動也有正向的影響。例如:能主動對想要創作的題材進行規劃以及事先想好所需要預備的工具或材料。而一開始在活動中遇到困難時,幼兒們會選擇發呆或放棄,但透過治療師的引導共同討論協調後,當在情境中需要轉換能力時,幼兒們均能配合不同的情境表現出來。且遇到需要共同協調時,可以在比以往較短的時間做出彈性的改變。

並列摘要


Executive function is referred to a series of cognitive abilities. Though the operation of executive function, we are able to convert our thoughts into specific action. Therefore, executive function is very important and essential during children’s development process. According the literature, most children with special needs have deficits in executive function. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore how group art therapy helps children with special needs develops their executive function. This study adopts the qualitative research approach. Three children between the ages of 4 and 6 participated in an art therapy group in an early intervention center are involved in this study. Data were collected from interviews, video recordings as well as questionnaire from the weekly sessions for eight weeks. The results showed that three children have made obvious improvement on their abilities of planning, inhibition, and also communication abilities. Besides, we have noticed the trust relationship between the therapist and their parents have some important influence . For example, during the early stage of the study, children tended to give up when they faced difficulties. Through therapist’s guidance, children gradually acquire the flexibility to take specific action according to different situations. Also, when they faced situation that needs cooperation and coordination with others, they could respond and adjust in a very short period of time.

參考文獻


林婉婷(2011)。團體藝術治療與自閉症孩童。台灣藝術治療學刊,3,45-59。
楊淑貞(2009)。表達性藝術治療兒童自我成長團體實施歷程探討。台灣藝術治療學刊,1(2),31-45。
陸雅青(2009)。從塗鴉看治療中的危機與轉化。台灣藝術治療學刊,1,1-13。
林芳如(2012)。淺談執行功能及其在特殊教育上的應用。國小特殊教育,54,23-32。
陳志賢(1996):藝術治療團在兒童輔導上的運用。諮商與輔導,205期,24-27。

延伸閱讀