以具分散反萃取相支撐式液態薄膜分離並回收廢棄鋰電池內鈷之研究

Separation and Recovery of Co from Wasted Spent Lithium-ion Battery by Supported Liquid Membrane with Strip Dispersion

余尚益(Shang-Yi Yu)

指導教授 ： 游勝傑 ； 王雅玢

中原大學/工學院/生物環境工程研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201600489

摘要

全世界手機普及率越來越高，在全國，鋰電池的用使量也逐年增加。鋰電池是在消費電子領域常見的，是可攜式電子設備中可充電電池最普遍的類型之一，具有高能量密度，無記憶效應，在不使用時只有緩慢電荷損失。3C產業常提到的鋰離子電池其實是鈷酸鋰電池，而鈷的價格愈來愈高昂，全球鈷礦最大生產國剛果，戰亂紛擾多，導致鈷礦價格不斷升高。鈷酸鋰電池的粉體因鈷礦價格不斷上漲，故廢鋰電池中的鈷金屬對於我國之產業影響深遠，因此鋰電池內鈷金屬之回收與純化濃縮所帶來的經濟效益不容小覷。
本研究使用具分散反萃取相支撐式液膜（Supported Liquid Membrane with Strip Dispersion，SLMSD），利用中空纖維膜（hollow fiber module）回收與純化濃縮廢棄鋰電池內之鈷金屬。具分散反萃取相支撐式液膜相較於傳統支撐式液膜，其優點為操作簡便、有機相不易流失故膜相較為穩定、萃取與反萃取同時進行因此可以縮短時程以及反萃取液滴表面積大因此可以高度濃縮目標物質等。
本研究經6M HCl 酸浸溶蝕廢鋰電池粉末後，約可將95%的鈷金屬溶蝕至鹽酸酸浸漬液內。以0.25M 之酸性萃取劑二(2-乙基己基)磷酸（D2EHPA）溶於稀釋劑（Isopar-L）當中作為有機相、6M HCl作為反萃取劑，約可萃取65%以上之鈷金屬、回收率可達85%以上並且可以將鈷金屬濃縮約2.2倍。

關鍵字

支撐式液膜 ； 鈷 ； 萃取 ； 二(2-乙基己基)磷酸

並列摘要

As the increasing penetration of mobile phone, the demand for lithium battery is also increased year by year in Taiwan. Lithium battery is one of the most common types of the portable electronic device’s rechargeable battery in the consumer electronics. It has a high energy density, no memory effect and a slow loss of charge. Lithium cobalt oxide battery is the common lithium-ion battery in electronics industry. The world’s major cobalt ore export country Congo, which with many wars and troubles, resulting in the prices of cobalt ore rising. The price of lithium cobalt oxide battery is rising due to the cobalt ore. Therefore, the cobalt of waste lithium battery has a deep impact on the industry. The recovery and purification of cobalt may produce many economic benefits.
This study recovered and purified cobalt within lithium battery by a supported liquid membrane with strip dispersion (SLMSD) technique. SLMSD compared to traditional supported liquid membrane, it is easier to be used, more stable membrane phase, extraction and stripping at the same time. Therefore, it can shorten the reaction time and stripping droplets have larger surface area can highly concentrated the target substances.
The results showed that cobalt can be leaching more than 95% by using 6 M HCl dissolved the waste lithium battery powder. The mixture of acidic extractant 0.25 M di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and diluent (Isopar-L) as organic phase as well as 6M HCl as stripping agent, the experiments got more than 65% Co recovery rate and 220% concentrated rate.

並列關鍵字

SLMSD ； Cobalt ； Extract ； D2EHPA

參考文獻

47. 劉芳宇 (2008), 具分散反萃取相支撐式液膜穩定性之評估, 台灣大學碩士論文.

12. 林佳良 (2014), 回收廢二次鋰電池有價金屬. 朝陽科技大學碩士論文.

25. 李致諧 (2007), 貴重金屬回收程序探討. 台灣大學碩士論文.

46. 林格至 (2010), 以具分散反萃取相支撐式液膜回收鎳離子之評估, 台灣大學碩士論文.

43. 黃靖軒 (2010), 以具分散反萃取相支撐式液膜分離並回收Ni2+-Zn2+-Al3+多成份金屬離子. 台灣大學碩士論文.