考量運輸成本與損耗性商品供應鏈之協同策略

A collaborative strategy considering deteriorating item supply chain and transportation cost

林孟志(Meng-Chih Lin)

指導教授 ： 黃惠民

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400425

摘要

在現今市場變化的趨勢中，為了加強供應鏈整體的競爭力，企業必須藉由協同策略整合顧客與供應商兩端，形成一條具有價值的供應鏈。在實際供需環境狀況下，大多數的產品都具有損耗之特性，產品的價值會隨著時間減少而產生額外的成本。再者，產品從原物料的採購，經過加工，最後送達消費者手中，過程中會產生相關的運輸成本皆會影響供應鏈的整體效益。過去的研究較著重於配銷商與零售商之二階層存貨模式，且將損耗性商品或運輸成本模式一併納入多階供應鏈中探討者極少。

故本研究將探討整合上、中、下游之三階供應鏈協同存貨模式，為符合現實生產情況，將損耗性商品及運輸成本模式兩者一併納入考量，以單位時間總成本最小化為目標，建構出最佳補貨策略之生產存貨模式，後續藉由數值範例及敏感度分析探討重要參數之敏感度，並驗證本研究模型之有效性。

關鍵字

損耗性商品 ； 三階層供應鏈 ； 協同策略 ； 運輸成本

並列摘要

With growing market trend, collaboration of supply chain members is necessary to strengthen the competitiveness of the enterprise and the supply chain. As the life cycle of products becomes shorter, products lose their value over time due to running out of fashion. This characteristic is similar to the nature of deteriorating items. In this study, we consider transportation cost as a separate cost in logistics. It occurs when products are shipped to manufacturers and retailers by the suppliers. Transportation cost is an important factor that affects the competitiveness of a supply chain. Most researches in the past focused on two stage supply chain, only a few studies have explored deteriorating items and transportation cost model simultaneously.

In this study, we develop an optimal replenishment policy with deteriorating items and transportation cost for a three level supply chain. The objective of this study is to derive the optimal cycle time, the integer ratio parameters and the number of orders such that the total cost is the supply chain is lowest. The supply chain inventory model is solved by Maple 14 and Excel 2010. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are given to validate the results of the system.

並列關鍵字

Deteriorating items ； transportation cost ； three level supply chain ； collaboration strategy

參考文獻

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