女性的亂離書寫—以清代鴉片戰爭、太平天國戰役為考察範圍

Women Writers in War：Centering on Opium War and Taiping Rebellion

武思庭(Wu szu ting)

指導教授 ： 楊玉成

國立暨南國際大學/人文學院/中國語文學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/NCNU.2008.00309

摘要

本篇論文探討的時代以晚清鴉片戰爭、太平天天國革命為範圍，以女性亂離書寫為主題，期盼藉此呈現晚清前期（道光咸豐年間）女詩人的個體、群體意識，以及她們的書寫、文化生活。這篇論文約可分為四個面向探討，分別為歷史與家國、女性的形象與身體、女性的宗教信仰以及女性的書寫文化。就本文觀察，晚清女性雖不若清末民初女性積極且主動的爭取各項權益，也並未動用「群體」的力量去影響、改變、抗爭她們在傳統社會中的處境，但已能透過「個體」意識表達價值觀、思考模式以及追求女性應有的權利。女性主體意識提高，反應在她們的生活、文化、文學上均有別以往，由於她們不以自身在社會中的存在為輕，因此對於家國公領域與政治的關懷相對提高，自傳中自我情志、形象、價值觀乃至生活細節的描寫不但更加細膩，並強調自我關注，同時在女性群體生活中，個人聲音的表達也非常活躍，並對文壇聲譽的建立持有積極的欲望。總而言之，此時期的女詩人無論在觀念或行動上，都不再將自己僅置於「家內」的角色扮演了。

關鍵字

女性文學 ； 亂離 ； 晚清 ； 鴉片戰爭 ； 太平天國 ； 自傳 ； 女性宗教 ； 女性社群

並列摘要

The theme of this essay is the feministic War Literature and Creative Writing which is focused the era of Opium War and Taiping Rebellion. It presents the individual and group consensuses of female poets of early late-Ching Dynasty, and describes their writing and culture life. It extends into 4 sub-themes: the history and the country, female images and figure, female religious belief, and female creative writing culture. In this essay, we can realize the female in late- Ching Dynasty were not so positively and actively fight for their rights as the women in the early Republic Era, and they did not try to use the power of the group to influence, to change, or to battle against their social position in traditional society. However, they had tried to express their viewpoint of evaluation and the pattern of thoughts, and tried to pursue female rights through their individual senses. The reflection of the female self-consciousness on the aspects of life, culture and literature is obviously different from the past. They no longer felt their position in the society is weak, therefore they paid more attention on country and politic issues. In their autobiography, the description of self esteem, image, point of view and daily life detail is more delicate, and they emphasize self concern. Meanwhile, in the female group life, the individual expressions are quite active, and they are energetic on building their reputation in literature community. In conclusion, the female poets in these 2 era are no longer place themselves in a “housewife” frame in concept and action.

並列關鍵字

Female literature ； War writing ； late-Ching Dynasty ； Opium War ； Taiping Rebellion, ； autobiography ； Female religion ； Female community

參考文獻

葉慶炳：〈蔡琰悲憤詩兩首析論〉，《中外文學》第1卷第2期，1972年7月。

一、古籍：

女性詩文集類

﹝南朝﹞寶唱、﹝民國﹞釋震華：《比丘尼傳全集》，台南：和裕出版社，1996年。

﹝明﹞楊爾曾：《新鐫仙媛紀事》，台北：台灣學生書局，1989年。