電視新聞觀看、需求滿足與素養之關聯性研究─以台北縣國小教師為例

張靜蘋(Jing-Ping Zhang)

指導教授 ： 陳雪雲 博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/社會教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2006年)

摘要

摘 要
本研究目的在探究國小教師觀看電視新聞之情形，並了解國小教師對於電視新聞符號、產製、新聞媒體產業的認知，與其反思批判能力。以及電視新聞對國小教師在教學現場上是否有影響。而國小教師又如何近用、監督新聞媒體，行使其媒體公民權。並根據研究結果，建議與提供相關教育單位與師資培育機構規劃師資培育課程時，對於媒體素養議題課程之參考。
本研究採用問卷調查法，研究對象以台北縣14,967位國小教師為母群體，以分層叢集抽樣方式，取得有效樣本600份。利用次數分配、百分比、平均數、卡方檢定、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、相關分析及多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析。
歸納本研究之研究結果，主要有以下幾項結論與發現：
一、台北縣國小教師近三年的最高學歷明顯提升，參加相關研習活動與學歷有明顯相關性；並且國小教師會因為教學上之需要，而在課餘之暇進修有關媒體素養的相關研習。
二、台北縣國小教師的電視新聞觀看時間七成以上在1小時以內；觀看頻道以專業的電視新聞頻道居多占八成；五成的國小教師認為自己觀看電視新聞時並不專心；而多數的國小教師認為新聞品質、頻道的公信力是選擇觀看的重要因素。
三、國小教師觀看電視新聞最能獲得「資訊與知識」滿足。
四、台北縣國小教師會因性別不同、年齡不同、工作年資不同、有無參加媒體素養研習而與電視新聞觀看的行為有明顯的不同。
五、參加媒體素養研習的國小教師對於電視新聞觀看需求滿足有明顯的差異。
六、台北縣國小教師對於電視新聞素養中的「電視新聞產業」與「近用媒體權」與自身和產業層面有較深的認知，對於「電視新聞文本」、「電視新聞產製」的新聞內涵與元素、新聞製作流程，則瞭解不夠深入。
七、台北縣國小教師對電視新聞素養各層面的了解程度不因性別、工作年資、學歷而有顯著差異。
八、台北縣國小教師的電視新聞觀看行為與電視新聞素養是有相關性；觀看行為愈明顯者，其電視新聞素養愈高。
九、台北縣國小教師電視新聞觀看需求滿足與電視新聞素養有相關性；獲得各層面高度滿足的國小教師其電視新聞素養比中度滿足與低度滿足的教師要高。
十、電視新聞觀看的「需求滿足」為電視新聞素養的最佳預測變項。
本研究根據調查結果提出下列建議：

關鍵字

電視新聞素養 ； 電視新聞觀看 ； 需求滿足

並列摘要

Abstract
This research purpose is to probe into a primary teacher and watch the situation of the TV news, and understand that primary teacher is to the TV news symbol , cognition producing making , news media industry, instead of reviewing the ability of criticizing. And whether the TV news has influence on the primary teacher at the teaching scene. And how primary teacher it is the near with, supervise news media, exercise by media civil right its. And according to the result of study, when propose and offer relevant educational unit and teachers to foster the organization and plan teachers and foster course, reference to media's accomplishment topic course.
This research adopts the investigation method of the questionnaire, the research object regards 14,967 grade teachers of Taipei as mother's colony, by way of dividing floor and gathering together and sampling , obtain 600 effective samples. Using the number of frequency distribution, the percentage, the mean , the chi-square distribution, the t test, one-way ANOVA , correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis carries on the material analysis.

Sum up the result of study of this research, several following conclusions and find:

(1) The obviously improving the most well educatedly of nearly three years, primary teacher of Taipei County, participate in studying the activity and academic credentials relevantly and having obvious dependence ; And primary teacher will because of need of teaching , receive a training of relevant media accomplish-
ment relevant to study in extracurriliar a free time.
(2) The TV news of the primary teacher of Taipei County is watched more than 70% of time is within an hour; Watch the channel accounting for eighty percent mostly specialized TV news channel; 50% of the primary teachers do not think oneself is attentive while watching the TV news; And most primary teachers think that the quality of the news, public trust on the channel are to choose the important factor watched.
(3) The primary teacher watches that the TV news can obtain ' the information and knowledge ' most satisfied.
(4) Primary teachers of Taipei County will be different because of the sex, whether the different working age and service seniority of age participates in media's literacy and studies but there is obvious difference in the behavior that watches with the TV news.
(5) Participate in the primary teacher whose media's literacy studies and watch the demand meeting obvious difference to the TV news.
(6) The primary teacher of Taipei County, with have deeper cognition with one's own and industry aspect ' near with media's right ' to ' the industry of the TV news ' in the accomplishment of the TV news, make procedure in news intension and element news that to ' the TV news text ' , ' the TV news is produced and made ', it is not deep enough to understand.
(7) Knowledge of every aspect of literacy of the TV news, primary teacher of Taipei County degree because sex , working age and service seniority , academic credentials have difference of showing.
(8) The TV news of the primary teacher of Taipei County is watched there is dependence in the behavior and TV news literacy; Watching the more obvious one of behavior, the higher its TV news literacy is.
(9) TV news, primary teacher of Taipei County, watch demand is it there is depend-
ence with literacy of the TV news to meet; It get last primary teacher their TV news literacy every aspect than in degree satisfy not having more high teacher what minimum satisfy.
(10) TV news watch ' demand gratifications ' change one for best prediction, TV news of accomplishment.

Key words: TV news literacy, uses and gratifications, TV news viewing

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