故宮‧導覽‧志工－從志工經驗反思故宮導覽願景

The National Palace Museum; Guided Tour; Museum Docent- From the experience of museum docent to introspect the vision of the National Palace Museum guided tour

陳媛

指導教授 ： 黃光男博士 陳雪雲博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/社會教育學系/博士(2008年)

摘要

本研究試圖從「人本」觀點，就志工在國立故宮博物院（以下簡稱故宮）的服務學習經驗，以成人在博物館學習的理論，探討三代導覽志工如何通過一條「自利而利他」的學習曲線，在博物館場域中追求她/他們認為有意義的學習經驗。同時，本研究以「場論」視野把現在與過去兩相扣連，以見故宮從「樹立傳統」階段，全力配合國家外交政策的需求，提供多國語文的解說服務為接待「國之上賓」的導覽任務。及至八O年代以後，故宮爲因應國家社會教育政策，而於1971年3月開始招待學生團體免費參觀，並由展覽室的管理員提供「學生團體」導覽服務，因而形成一項對應教育政策的「配套」措施。這項措施，雖然較之外語服務員導覽國家上賓有所分別，但可以視為故宮開始對本地觀眾予以較多關注的一項具體作為。

在秦孝儀院長任內（任期1982－2000），基於九O年代社會鼓勵志工服務的風氣已相當成熟，而當時故宮展覽組組長周功鑫女士又為出身故宮的優秀外文導覽，於是以其嫻熟之導覽經驗，自1988~9年以來，故宮開始積極推動導覽志工之培訓，一方面擴大為學生團體解說文物的導覽服務，並一方面招募有志加入故宮服務的成人學習者，開啟她/他們在博物館「自利而利他」的服務學習經驗。本研究對議題所涉有關故宮展覽、故宮發展導覽志工，以及志工在故宮的學習經驗等面向，歸納為四點看法，並以故宮應滿足觀眾的「人本」需求而對於導覽願景提出三項建議。

關鍵字

故宮 ； 導覽志工 ； 服務學習 ； 成人在博物館學習

並列摘要

The investigation advances from the “person oriented” perspective, by using the service learning experience of the volunteers in the National Palace Museum. From the adult museum learning theory, to discuss how three quinquennial generations of the museum docent goes through a learning curve of “benefiting self and others”, searching the learning experience that is meaningful in the museum field. At the same time, the investigation uses the vision of “field theory” to connect the present and the past, in order to see that the National Palace Museum ever since the “establishing tradition” stage, has been giving its full support to the governmental diplomatic policy, providing a multi-language commentate service in order to receive the “national distinguished guests.” Until after the 80’s, the National Palace Museum because of the social education policy, started to provide a Free Student group tour since March 1971 by the staffs of the gallery. This forms a set of measures to cooperate with the above-mentioned educational policy. This measure differs from the multi-language tour for our national distinguished guests, but it is an act of the National Palace Museum starting to give more attention to the local audiences.

During the term of Director H.Y. Chin (1982-2000), due to the maturity of the encouragement of volunteer service during the 90’s, also the head of exhibition department, Dr. K.H. Chou, of that time was an extraordinary foreign language commentator, therefore with her skillful tour experience, since 1988~1989, the National Palace Museum has been eagerly promoting training classes for museum docent. On the one side to expand the guided tour service for the student group, and on the other side to recruit adult learner who are interested in the National Palace Museum collection, in order to open up the experience of “benefiting self and others.” The subjects of this study focus on four perspectives based on the exhibition of the National Palace Museum, the development of the museum docent, and the learning experience of the museum volunteers, also propose three suggestions that should fulfill the “person oriented” demand for the museum audiences.

並列關鍵字

National Palace Museum ； museum docent ； service learning ； adult museum learning

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