高雄縣某國中學生對菸害防制法新制之認知、態度、遵行意向與遵行行為之調查研究

郭淑芬(Shwu-Fen Guo)

指導教授 ： 李景美

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/健康促進與衛生教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究主要目的在瞭解國中生菸害防制法新制認知、態度、遵行意向與遵行行為之現況，並探討其相關因素。採用問卷調查法，以高雄縣某國中一、二、三年級學生為研究對象，共發出問卷513份，回收有效問卷498份。

研究主要發現如下：
一、受測學生中曾經吸菸者佔23.1％，目前吸菸者佔8.2％。
二、受測學生之重要他人吸菸狀況：以父親吸菸率最高（63.2％），其次是兄弟（15.1％）、母親（12.9％），姐妹最低（4.9％）；曾見過至少一位老師在校園內吸菸者佔31.7％，至少有一位同住家人吸菸者佔64.9％，至少有一位朋友吸菸者佔59.4％。
三、受測學生自評獲得菸害防制法新制相關資訊為充足，其辨識菸品廣告能力屬中上程度，曾見到商家違法展示或販賣菸品形狀之糖果（香菸糖）、點心或玩具者佔81.7％。
四、受測學生對菸害防制法新制態度正向、遵行意向尚佳，但在認知與遵行行為方面不足。
五、受測學生之菸害防制法新制認知、態度、遵行意向與遵行行為等四項變項之間皆相互呈現顯著正相關。
六、性別、年級、學業成績、學業滿意度、父親對學業滿意度、母親對學業滿意度、期望最高學歷、學校老師吸菸人數、資訊來源管道數、資訊來源人員數、辨識菸品廣告能力等11項變項，可顯著預測受測學生的菸害防制法新制認知，其解釋變異量為15.7％。
七、性別、學業成績、期望最高學歷、父母婚姻狀況、吸菸狀況、學校老師吸菸人數、朋友吸菸人數、母親吸菸狀況、資訊來源管道數、資訊來源人員數、相關資訊充足度、辨識菸品廣告能力等12項變項，可顯著預測受測學生的菸害防制法新制態度，其解釋變異量為25.4％。
八、性別、年級、期望最高學歷、吸菸狀況、學校老師吸菸人數、朋友吸菸人數、同住家人吸菸人數、母親吸菸狀況、資訊來源管道數、資訊來源人員數、相關資訊充足度、辨識菸品廣告能力等12項變項，可顯著預測受測學生的菸害防制法新制遵行意向，其解釋變異量為27.5％。
九、年級、學業成績、期望最高學歷、母親教育程度、父親職業、吸菸狀況、學校老師吸菸人數、朋友吸菸人數、同住家人吸菸人數、父親吸菸狀況、母親吸菸狀況、資訊來源人員數、辨識菸品廣告能力、自覺商家守法情況等14項變項，可顯著預測受測學生的菸害防制法新制遵行行為，其解釋變異量為30.0％。

根據本研究發現提出數項結論及建議，以提供學校及相關單位推行菸害防制法新制之參考，並提供未來研究方向之建議。

關鍵字

國中學生 ； 菸害防制法 ； 認知 ； 態度 ； 意向 ； 行為

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge, attitudes, compliance intention and compliance behavior regarding the Tobacco Hazards Prevention and Control Act new stipulation among the junior high school students in Kaohsiung. Questionnaire survey was used to collect data in this study. The sample was selected from the students in one junior high school in Kaohsiung County, including seventh, eighth, and ninth grade students. Four hundred and ninety eight out of five hundred and thirteen samples completed the questionnaire. The major findings of this study are as follows:
1. The rate of ever smoking among the student respondents was 23.9%, the rate of current smoking among the student respondents was 8.2%.
2. The rate of smoking among the student respondents' fathers was 63.2%, followed by brothers(15.1%), mothers(12.9%), and sisters(4.9%). Thirty two percent of the student respondents had seen at least one teacher smoke in the school, with 64.9% having at least one family smoke and 59.4% having one or more good friends smoke.
3. The ability among the student respondents analyze tobacco advertisement was in the middle level. The information about the Tobacco Hazards Prevention and Control Act new stipulation was sufficient. More than 80% of the student respondents had seen stores demonstrate or sell candies, snacks, toys in the shape of cigarette.
4. In items of the Tobacco Hazards Prevention and Control Act new stipulation, the student respondents had insufficient knowledge, showed less compliance behavior, had positive attitudes and strong compliance intention.
5. There was significant correlation between knowledge, attitudes, compliance intention, and compliance behavior with regard to the Tobacco Hazards Prevention and Control Act new stipulation among the student respondents.
6. Eleven variables including gender, grade, academic achievement, satisfaction of academic achievement, satisfaction of the academic achievement among father, satisfaction of the academic achievement among mother, academic aspiration, number of school teacher who smoke, number of information origin channel, number of information origin personnel, ability to analyze tobacco advertisement could explain the knowledge regarding the Tobacco Hazards Prevention and Control Act new stipulation, with explained variance being 15.7%.
7. Twelve variables including gender, academic achievement, academic aspiration, parents' marital status, smoking condition, number of school teacher who smoke, number of friend who smoke, mother smoking condition, number of information origin channel, number of information origin personnel, sufficiency of information, ability to analyze tobacco advertisement could explain the attitudes regarding the Tobacco Hazards Prevention and Control Act new stipulation, with explained variance being 25.4%.
8. Fourteen variables including gender, grade, academic aspiration, smoking condition, number of school teacher who smoke, number of friend who smoke, number of family who smoke, mother smoking condition, number of information origin channel, number of information origin personnel, sufficiency of information, ability to analyze tobacco advertisement could explain the compliance intention regarding the Tobacco Hazards Prevention and Control Act new stipulation, with explained variance being 27.5%.
9. Fourteen variables including grade, academic achievement, academic aspiration, mother education level, father occupation, smoking condition, number of school teacher who smoke, number of friend who smoke, number of family who smoke, father smoking condition, mother smoking condition, number of information origin personnel, ability to analyze tobacco advertisement could explain the compliance behavior regarding the Tobacco Hazards Prevention and Control Act new stipulation, with explained variance being 30.0%.
Based on the findings of the research, suggestions regarding how to enforce the Tobacco Hazards Prevention and Control Act new stipulation in schools and relevant organizations as well as direction of future research were provided.

並列關鍵字

junior high school ； Tobacco Hazards Prevention and Control Act ； knowledge ； attitude ； intention ； behavior

參考文獻

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