音樂治療活動對國中階段中重度智障學生社會技能之影響

The effects of music therapy activities on social skills of junior high school students with moderate to severe mental retardation

洪瑟勵(Se-li Hung)

指導教授 ： 姚世澤

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/音樂學系/碩士(1999年)

摘要

摘 要
本研究旨在探究音樂治療活動對國中階段中重度智障學生社會技能之影響。首先透過文獻與理論分析，探討音樂治療之相關理論基礎。繼之針對受試對象之行為問題，訂定出表達與溝通、參與活動、合作三項必須改善之社會技能。並根據文獻理論基礎，研擬音樂治療活動內容，進行實驗研究。
本研究採用單一受試（個案）實驗設計中跨行為的多基線設計模式，研究對象為四名台北市金華國中啟智班中重度智障學生，經為期八週，十六次之實驗教學後，以研究者自編之評量表得分進行統計分析，研究結果發現：
1.音樂治療活動能增進中重度智障學生表達與溝通能力。
2.音樂治療活動能提昇中重度智障學生之參與意願。
3.音樂治療活動能培養中重度智障學生之合作態度。
4.歌曲對唱及節奏問答兩項音樂治療活動能增進表達與溝通能力。
5.強烈節奏之音樂律動與遊戲化的音樂治療活動能提昇參與意願。
6.動態之團體音樂治療活動能培養智障學生之合作態度。
研究者根據研究結果與發現加以討論，且提出建議，以作為實
施音樂治療活動，及後續相關研究之參考依據。
關鍵字：音樂治療活動、中重度智障學生、社會技能

關鍵字

音樂治療活動 ； 中重度智障學生 ； 社會技能

並列摘要

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of music therapy activities on social skills of junior high school students with moderate to severe mental retardation. The social skills include communication and expression, participation, and cooperation.
First, the theoretical basis of music therapy was discussed through literature review and analysis. Next, the three sets of social skills were defined to target the experiment test group. Music therapy activities and teaching materials were designed according to the theories methods of music therapy, and experiments were conducted.
The study is based on multiple baseline design across behaviors of single case experimental designs. The experimental subjects consist of 4 students with moderate to severe mental retardation of Gin-Hwa junior high school in Taipei.
After sixteen sessions conducted over eight weeks, the results indicated:
1. Music therapy activities could improve the communication and expression abilities of students with mental retardation.
2. Music therapy activities could increase the desire to participate of students with mental retardation.
3. Music therapy activities could alter the cooperative behavior of students with mental retardation.
4. Antiphonal singing and rhythm call-and–response activities could improve the expression and communication abilities.
5. Eurhythmics and music games could increase their desire to participate.
6. The active group activities could alter the cooperative behavior.
Results of this study on the mentally retarded were discussed and future research were also suggested.
Key Words: Music Therapy Activities, Moderate to Severe Mental Retardation, Social Skills.

並列關鍵字

Music Therapy Activities ； Moderate to Severe Mental Retardation ； Social Skills

參考文獻

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