公視「我們的島」環境議題的時空特性與其環境觀

Geographical Time-Space pattern of Environmental Issues and Environmental Concept in the “Our Island” Program of the Public Television Service

王景平(Jing-Ping Wang)

指導教授 ： 廖學誠

國立臺灣師範大學/文學院/地理學系/碩士(2004年)

摘要

本研究以公共電視「我們的島」節目為探討對象，透過內容分析法檢視該節目六年來報導議題及報導地點的選擇取向及變化趨勢，並探討環境議題的地理時空分布特性及消息來源傾向。本研究並以論述分析及符號學取徑，就該節目第217集《斯土安康》為樣本，探討該媒體隱藏在該單元的環境觀(意識型態)，並探討其敘事手法，藉以詮釋該節目再現出的安坑圖像。
研究發現，「我們的島」在環境議題取向上以保育類最多，污染類及天災類次之，隨著時間變化，保育類維持平穩的報導比例，但污染類及天災類的報導次數則呈現急遽的消長。在報導地點方面，「我們的島」對台灣北部的關注最多，尤其是以台北為最高。此外，污染類報導集中在台北及高雄，此與都會區容易發生公害污染事件有關，保育類報導以台北及屏東較多，與節目地緣便利及消息來源有關，至於天災類報導則集中在南投及台北，則與自然災害發生位置密切相關。而關於消息來源的部分，「我們的島」以「一般民眾」為首要偏重，次高為「專家學者」，其它依次為地方專業人士、地方公務人員，及環保團體等，中央行政機關的比例則遠落於後。
而在影像分析的部分，該節目《斯土安康》單元之論述不時散發「環境正義」理念，記者並運用虛假平衡的二元對立，來淡化「環境不義」方(開發商)的言論，並大量地引用當地居民的論點，使安坑地區因為反對掩埋場設立而建立的地方意義－「人與自然和諧相處」圖像，能完整被該節目所再現，繼而透過科技的傳播與接收，形構出閱聽人心中關於安坑地區的地方感與印象。

關鍵字

內容分析 ； 環境議題 ； 時空特性 ； 論述分析 ； 環境正義 ； 地方感

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to understand the selection and change trends of report issues and locations in the “Our Island” program of the Public Television Service in Taiwan through the content analysis. I also try to study the characteristics of geographical time-space patterns of these environmental issues and the tendency of information source. Furthermore, I use discourse analysis and semiology to find the concepts of the program, and the representation of the locality in “Is the Land Safe?” film.
Results show that the conservation category is the most dominant in these environmental issues, while the pollution and natural hazard categories are following. The conservation category has stable proportion, however, the pollution and natural hazard categories have dramatic trends with the temporal change. Most report locations of this program are located in the northern Taiwan, especially in Taipei. In addition, pollution reports are concentrated on the Taipei and Kaohsiung areas, because those pollution events are higher in metropolitan areas. The conservation reports are dominant in the Taipei and Pingtung areas due to the geographical advantages and information resources for this program. Finally, the natural hazard reports are mainly located in the Nantou and Taipei areas, because most natural hazards occur there.
The argumentation of the “Is the Land Safe?” film sends out the ' environmental justice ' idea frequently. Reporter use the strategy of false balance to obscure the merchant’s speech, and stress on the local’s discourses to form an image of “people get along with the nature harmoniously” in Ankeng. Through the mass media, the sense of place of Ankeng is formed by the spectators.

並列關鍵字

content analysis ； environmental issues ； time-space pattern ； discourse analysis ； environmental justice ； sense of place