牆與橋－大學學生事務人員對同志學生態度轉變歷程之研究

Wall and Bridge--A Study of Attitude Changes of College Student Affairs Administrators towards LGBT Students

孔德(Te Kung)

指導教授 ： 畢恆達

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/公民教育與活動領導學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2005年)

摘要

隨著時代的進步與變化，同志學生們得以透過學校社團、社會同志運動及同志論述的擴展，開始試圖在校園空間中發聲，有的並勇於現身。因此，對於學生事務人員與同志學生互動的經驗，有必要予以更多的重視。本論文主要是以異性戀學生事務人員的經驗為主體，從這些原本排斥到接納同志學生的大學學生事務人員身上，探究刻板印象如何形成以及理解反同性戀態度改變的契機與歷程，並試圖提供一些反同性戀態度改變的可能。
本研究訪談了十位大學學生事務人員，以及二手資料的文獻分析，發現對同性戀刻板印象的主要來源是：1. 大眾傳播媒體再現，強化同志污名；2. 衛教性教育論述，歸因同志為病態；3. 主流基督教會批判同性戀是罪；4. 早期的經驗學習到反同性戀的態度。至於如何溶解同性戀刻板印象，則為：1. 接觸；2. 性別意識的環境氛圍；3. 成長中自我檢視，透過這些經驗、思考與轉化態度與行為。
就重組、建構多元性別的動能而言，認知失調是關鍵機制。而每個人都無法單以一種模式就能夠轉變對同志學生的態度，而是經過多面向的影響以及交互作用而展現出性別意識的覺醒。亦即，態度轉變是一種複雜的動態歷程，需要多方聯結。最後就研究發現，歸納出幾項具體建議，以供學生事務人員、學校及相關機構參考。

關鍵詞：學生事務人員 同志學生 態度轉變歷程

關鍵字

學生事務人員 ； 同志學生 ； 態度轉變歷程

並列摘要

Abstract
With changes and progresses in modern society, and the growth of the gay movement and discourse, LGBT students (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender students) are now trying to speak out through the school clubs on campus. Some are even brave enough to come out. As a result, more importance should be placed upon the interactions between the student affairs administrators and these LCBT students. Based on the experiences of the heterosexual student affairs administrators in colleges and universities, this thesis will examine how their attitudes towards LGBT students change from the initial rejection to the final acceptance. The author will also explore how rigid stereotypes of homosexual persons are turned into discriminative attitudes, and how acceptance results in a change of attitudes. Some possibilities of such a change are suggested.
According to interviews conducted on 10 college student affairs administrators, an analysis of second-hand documents and fielded survey method, we summarize four reasons for the formation of the stereotypes of homosexual persons. 1. The mass media smears the images of gays through unjustified presentations of them. 2. Literature in hygiene education classifies homosexual persons as morbid. 3. The mainstream Christian institutions criticize homosexual behaviors as a sin. 4. Anti-gay attitudes are learned through people’s early experiences. As for how to break down these stereotypes, we recommend the following: 1. Contact. 2. Constructing an atmosphere of gender consciousness. 3. Self-examination in the process of growing up.
In the dynamics of rebuilding and constructing gender diversity, cognitive dissonance theory is the key mechanism. As no one can change his/her attitude towards LGBT students based on one cognitive mode, plural influences and interactions are necessary for an awakening of gender consciousness. Attitude change is a complex dynamic process and in need of comprehensive connections. In summary, several suggestions are made from the findings of this research for the reference of student affairs administrators, schools and the authorities.

並列關鍵字

student affairs administrators ； LGBT students ； a process of attitude changes

參考文獻

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