已婚職業婦女社會支持與家務壓力關係之研究--以台北縣家有學齡前兒童為例

The relationship of social support and housework stress of married employed women with preschool children in Taipei County

陳佩吟(Chen Pei Yin)

指導教授 ： 周麗端博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/人類發展與家庭學系/碩士(2006年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討已婚職業婦女社會支持與家務壓力之關係，研究採問卷調查法，研究對象為95學年度註冊台北縣公立幼稚園園生之母親，樣本採分層抽樣，回收有效樣本數503份。研究工具包括「家務壓力量表」、「社會支持量表」、「性別角色態度量表」、「個人基本資料」，並以SPSS11.5進行資料分析，再以描述統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、多元階層迴歸分析來進行統計考驗。主要之研究發現如下：

一、現況
1、已婚職業婦女整體的家務壓力程度並不算高，但清理室內、指導子女課
業、照顧子女生活起居之家務壓力呈現略高的傾向。
2、已婚職業婦女整體的社會支持程度並不算高，但丈夫提供較多的實質性、
情緒性的支持以及娘家提供較多情緒性支持。

二、社會支持之分析
中、高家庭社經地位之已婚職業婦女在情緒性支持顯著高於低家庭社經
地位之已婚職業婦女。

三、家務壓力之分析
1、不同工作情況之已婚職業婦在家務壓力上有顯著差異，但經由事後比較無
任兩組有顯著差異。
2、相較於核心家庭，非核心家庭之家務壓力顯著較為低。
3、子女數2個或3個以上之已婚職業婦女在家務壓力顯著高於子女數1個之已婚
職業婦女。
4、每日家務時間2小時、3小時、4小時之已婚職業婦女在家務壓力顯著高於每
日家務時間1小時之已婚職業婦女。

四、社會支持與家務壓力之關係
控制工作情況、家庭型態、子女數、家務時間後，丈夫支持可以顯著解釋已婚職業婦女的家務壓力。

本研究根據以上結果提出相關建議給予未來研究、已婚職業婦女、已婚職業婦女之家庭以及社會。

關鍵字：已婚職業婦女/家務壓力/社會支持

關鍵字

已婚職業婦女 ； 家務壓力 ； 社會支持

並列摘要

This paper aims to explore the relationship between social support and housework stress. With questionnaire survey and stratified cluster convenience sampling, the study obtained 503 valid samples form married employed women with preschool children currently enrolled in public kindergartens in Taipei County, 2006. Research tools include housework stress scale, social support scale, sex role attitude scale, and personal information sheet. SPSS 11.5 is used in data analysis followed by statistical testing via the means of descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple hierarchical regression analysis. Analysis results are as follows:
Ⅰ. General situation
1.Generally, married employed women tend to have a few housework stress, but higher in cleaning the house, teaching children’ homework, and caring children’ as a caregiver.
2.Married employed women tend to have a few support from social network entirely, but more substantiality support from their husbands, and more emotional support from their husbands and their families of orientation maternal.

Ⅱ. Social support analysis
1.Compared to those in low social class, married employed women in medium and high social economic status receive more emotional support.

Ⅲ.Housework stress analysis
1.There are significant differences among housework stress of married employed women in different working status, but after post-hot comparisons, no significant difference is found between any two groups.
2.Compared to nuclear families, other families have lower stress from housework.
3.Compared to those with only one child, married employed women with 2 or above 3 children have significant higher housework stress.
4.Compared to those doing only one hour housework, married employed women with 2, 3, or 4 hours have significant higher housework stress.

Ⅳ. The relationship between social support and housework stress
1.Controlled working status, family structure, fertility, and housework hours, husband‘s support can significantly explain the housework stress of married employed women.

Based on the findings above, this paper provides suggestions for future research, married employed women, and family education for them.

Key Words: married employed women / housework stress / social suppor

並列關鍵字

married employed women ； housework stress ； social support

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