台北藝術節成效評估之研究

A Research on the Event Assessment of Taipei Arts Festival

陳奕伶(I-LING CHEN)

指導教授 ： 謝潮儀

國立臺北大學/人文學院/民俗藝術研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

1967年教育部文化局成立後，開始推廣社區文藝活動，至1971年台灣出現第一屆「文藝季」，將藝術推廣從城市至鄉村，打破從前只有點、線的活動，變成大範圍的藝文活動；1980年代新象藝術中心更舉辦「國際藝術節活動」，讓觀眾能直接看到國外實驗性戲劇體的演出，開啟對藝術表演更多元的視野與觸角。而後至2000年在政府推動社區總體營造的基礎下，配合「一鄉鎮一特色」，台灣各地發展出具有在地特色的節慶活動；時至今日在觀光效益的需求之下，節慶活動亦產生一些形貌上的改變，無論是因應各式各樣主題而生的藝術節、或是以地區為名由不同行銷方式所產生的藝術節，在本質上都與傳統節慶有很大的不同。本研究所探討的個案「台北藝術節」，即屬於新興節慶的範疇，此類活動在文中深入探討其內涵後，定義此「類節慶」之意義亦可通論於一般節慶。然而在近年節慶數目不斷爆增的情況下，這些文化節慶活動的舉辦，確實帶動觀光休閒人潮與民眾對文化的重視及參與感，但卻也有只重視熱鬧、短暫且無法生根與累積、缺乏文化元素等等的疑慮產生，因此如何舉辦一個具有價值、成效的藝術節即為當前重要課題。

有鑑於此，本研究主要研究目的為建構台北藝術節的客觀評估法，完成具體的評估指標，並藉由專家學者、參演團體及參與觀眾意見，利用德爾菲專家調查法、深度訪談及問卷調查分析台北藝術節舉辦之成效，進一步提供相關單位在舉辦藝術節時的參考依據。經過二回合德爾菲專家問卷後，確定25項指標可作為台北藝術節成效評估的指標，研究結果顯示，配合據觀眾需求以提高活動的效能，是表演團體一致認為藝術節成效的最佳指標；藝術節的舉辦是為了增加觀眾參與，因此表演團體及主辦單位應增加觀眾參與活動的機會，進而加深其藝術體驗。觀眾意見部分從回收的34份問卷結果顯示，主題內容會影響參與的動機，但參與後未感受到清楚的節目主軸，且藝術節舉辦的宗旨七成的民眾並不了解。針對目前台北藝術節的規劃偏重室內表演，有九成的觀眾認為應該多策畫戶外活動，互動的增加可提升活動成效。五成的觀眾認為會去參與藝術節，源自於本身對藝文表演的愛好，因此節目主體是否具有價值，才是論定活動是否具有成效的關鍵，這也是本研究的核心價值。

關鍵字

節慶 ； 成效評估 ； 台北藝術節 ； 德爾菲法 ； 深度訪談 ； 問卷調查 ； 評估指標

並列摘要

When the Department of Cultural Affairs of the Ministry of Education was established in 1967, it started to promote cultural events in communities. In 1971, the National Festival of Culture and Arts brought art from cities to countries. This is seen as a breakthrough from its past scope (it became an integral group event from a singular event). In the 1980s, New Aspect Cultural and Education Foundation introduced the experimental theater in its international festivals, which is seen as a new horizon offered to the audience. Taiwan started to produce its own events with characteristics from each city and county in 2000, when the government promoted the “One Town One Product” program within the framework of community development. Festivals also changed to meet the demand of tourism. No matter what kind of festivals or the name it carries, they all greatly differ from traditional festivals. This study is about “Taipei Arts Festival” which belongs to the new festivals. These events could also be seen as quasi festivals which meaning is the same as ordinary festivals. There have been innumerable festivals in these past years. These cultural events have boosted tourism and raised people’s attention in the importance of culture and participation in such events. There are however a few problems such as only the number of visitors counts, while the events lack of cultural connotation. It is therefore an important issue to organize a festival that has concrete effects.

Therefore, this study aims at building up an objective way of evaluating the Taipei Arts Festival in order to achieve concrete evaluation targets. This study also takes account of specialists and scholars’ findings as well as opinions from performers and the audience. This study employs the Delphi method and in-depth interview as well as questionnaire analysis on the outcome of the Taipei Arts Festival. This study will serve as reference in the future for authorities to organize such events.

After two rounds of Delphi method, this study made sure that 25 indexes could be considered as evaluation criteria. This study showed that a festival’s best result is to increase the event’s effect according to the needs of the audience. The festival’s aim is to attract participation from the audience, therefore performers and organizers should increase opportunities to let the audience take part in the performances.

According to the 34 questionnaires from the spectators, the content of the performance is the factor that decides whether spectators will show up. But 70 percent of the audience would not catch the point of the performance and the festival. The Taipei Arts Festival’s events are mostly indoors, but 90 percent of the spectators suggested outdoors events. Fifty percent of those interviewed would go to performances because they are themselves interested. Whether an event is effective or not depends on whether its content has value. This is also the core value of this study.

並列關鍵字

Festival ； Event Assessment ； Taipei Arts Festival ； Delphi Method ； in-depth interview ； questionnaire analysis ； evaluation criteria

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