近幾年來,我國的農地面積由於經濟的發展與都市的擴張正在快速的流失,主要的原因是在開發的過程中,人類對於農地功能的認知僅停留在「生產」,而忽略調節氣候、蓄洪等生態系統服務之其他功能,因此相較於其他的土地利用方式,農地往往成為被犧牲的對象。然而,隨著氣候變遷逐漸加劇,其所帶來之影響也對人類社會帶來偌大的衝擊與損害,在聯合國《氣候變遷框架公約》即有提到因應氣候變遷的兩種策略,其中之一即為調適,意指透過各種因應的策略與行動,降低氣候變遷或極端天氣事件所造成之衝擊與損害,而農地在調適策略中可以扮演何種角色並發揮何種功能,遂成為值得思考的問題。可惜的是,我國過去的農地資源評估多以作物產量或生產效率作為劃設農地分級分區之依據,而未將農地在面對氣候變遷時能夠發揮之生態系統服務功能納入考量,使得具有潛在資源的農地無法被優先保存下來,也影響我國面臨氣候變遷時的調適能力。 有鑑於此,本研究將會以蘭陽平原為例,除了會透過土地適宜性分析對農地生產功能進行評估之外,還會評估農地的洪水與溫度等兩項調節功能之功效,重新對蘭陽平原之農地進行分級,最後則利用地理資訊系統的操作將研究成果與既有的土地使用分區進行相關的空間分析,進而提出兩者間的差異,做為未來進行空間規劃時之建議與參考。
In recent years, the area of farmland in Taiwan is losing rapidly due to the economic development and urban expansion. Since people are commonly regarding farmland function as “production”, it is easy for them to neglect the functions of ecosystem services, such as climate adaption, flood control, and etc. Hence, in comparison of the usage of other land, farmlands are often sacrificed. On the other hand, dramatic climate change poses great impact and damage on human. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) mentions that there are two strategies in response to climate change, and one of them is adaptation. By this way, via a variety of coping methods and actions, human beings can reduce the impacts and damages caused by climate change or extreme weather events. Therefore, what roles of the farmlands could play and what functions they could provide in adapting strategies worth considering. Unfortunately, farmland resources have always been evaluated by their crop yield and efficiency; which caused the neglecting of the value of farmland towards ecosystem services. In this way, not only farmland with potential resources will not be preserved, but also the ability to face climate change adaptation will reduce. In view of above, Lan-Yang Plain is an example in the study. In addition to considering the production factor, it also evaluates the ecosystem services in farmland. Furthermore, this study will classify the farmland in Lan-Yang Plain into different levels. Finally, we will combine the results with Arc GIS and “Land-use suitability analysis”, and discuss the spatial distribution.