台灣老人遷移、住宅決策與經濟狀況之研究

Mobility, Housing Decisions and Economic Status of the Eldenly in Taiwan

楊奕權(I-Chuan Yang)

指導教授 ： 陳淑美

崑山科技大學/商業管理學院/房地產開發與管理研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6828/KSU.2012.00096

摘要

老人隨著年齡增加，可能面臨健康狀況、喪偶、退休後的財富累積的不確定性，隨時需要生活費因應緊急的狀況。本研究認為在高齡化和少子化的社會，如何提升老人的財務資源，使老人可以在退休之年較能維持一定的消費能力，滿足生活所需，老得有尊嚴，是非常重要的課題。台灣的住宅自有率高達85%以上，許多老人擁有住宅資產，但是生活費可能並不充裕，管理處分住宅資產可以轉換為老人的生活費來源。本研究採用行政院國民健康局民國96中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤(第6次)調查資料料，分析老人的遷移原因和住宅權屬情形，比較有遷移行為及無遷移行為老人的住宅決策及經濟狀況、觀察有遷移行為老人的住宅權屬決策的顯現偏好，並分析老人遷移後的住宅決策與老人經濟狀況變化的關係。實證結果發現老人年齡愈大，住宅自有率愈低，遷移後住宅權屬為子女的比例增加。老人有配偶者，遷移後權屬為自有的比率會減少。居住在都市的老人可自居不用依賴子女，故遷移後住宅權屬不會選擇為子女或承租的機率較高。老人的子女有工作，老人可回到老家會選擇政府提供的老人住宅養老。老人會選擇遷移後住宅權屬為承租，充裕生活開銷。經濟狀況愈佳的老人，愈不會選擇遷移後住宅權屬為子女。老人的健康狀況變化與老人遷移的住宅決策無關。本研究的結果說明老人應運用住宅財富作為支應生活的工具，將住宅當作養老的財源，以提升老人的生活品質。

關鍵字

老人 ； 遷移 ； 住宅決策 ； 經濟狀況

並列摘要

The elderly suffered the uncertainty of heal.th, losing spouse or weal.th accumulation as they aged. They need money to pay for the unexpected emergency problems. In aging and low fertility society, how to increase elderly financial. resources and satisfy their needs for everyday lives so that they can age with dignity is a very important issue. The hoeownership rate is al.most 85% or more in Taiwan.
Some elderly households are housing rich but cash poor, the housing weal.th could be converted to the living expense if they want. This study would like to explore the relationships between the moving behavior, housing decisions and economic status for the elderly. Both the economic financial. needs and the social. cultures of filial. piety and bequest behavior would have impacts on the housing decisions for the elderly.
In this study, elderly physical. and psychological. living conditions in the National. Heal.th Council, Executive Yuan Republic of China 96 long-term follow-up (6th) survey material., anal.ysis of the causes of the migration of the elderly and residential. ownership situation, and compared the migration behavior and migration behavior of the elderly residential. decisionsand economic conditions, the observed apparent migration behavior of the elderly residential. ownership in decision-making preferences, and to anal.yze the relationship between residential. elderly migration decision-making changes with the economic situation for the elderly.The empirical. results show that the elderly older, the lower the homeownership rate, increase in the proportion of the migration of residential. ownership for their children. Elderly spouse, after the relocation of ownership for its own ratio will be reduced. The elderly living in the city itself without dependent children, so after the relocation of residential. ownership will not select for a higher probability of children or lease. The children of the elderly, the old man returned to his home residential. pension for the elderly provided by the Government. Elderly people will choose after the relocation of residential. ownership for the lease, ample living expenses.The better the economic situation of the elderly, the more will not after the relocation of residential. ownership for their children. The heal.th status of the elderly change and the housing of elderly migration decision-making. In this study, the results suggest that the elderly housing weal.th should be used as a tool to cope living, residential. as pension sources of income, in order to enhance the qual.ity of life of the elderly.

並列關鍵字

the elderly ； mobility ； housing decision ； economic status

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