台灣西南部旗山斷層之磁力調查研究

Magnetic Surveying of the Chishan Fault in Southwestern Taiwan

10.6844/NCKU.2010.01368

盧至彥

磁場異常 ； 殘餘強度 ； 磁力梯度值 ； 活動斷層 ； 台灣地體構造 ； Magnetic Anomalies ； Residual Intensity ； Gradient Value ； Active Fault ； Tectonic Provinces of Taiwan

成功大學資源工程學系學位論文

2010年

碩士

陸喬克

英文

旗山斷層為台灣西南部主要構造線之一，位於高雄縣旗山鎮西南側至高雄縣燕巢鄉以北，東北-西南走向幾乎和泥火山分布的區域相同，鄰近台南與高雄兩大人口稠密區，屬於活動斷層。旗山斷層在野外觀察上，缺乏實際斷層主斷面的露頭，因而前人的研究中多屬於大範圍的觀測資料。本研究的目的在於將範圍著重在旗山斷層進行磁力調查了解這個區域的地層構造，並確認中央地質調查所以及中央大學過去的調查結果。 於本研究區域（旗山斷層）進行全磁場強度（total magnetic intensity）以及磁力梯度（total intensity gradient）的量測，將觀測資料經標準校正後可得殘餘磁力強度值，建構基岩構造模型。本研究於旗山鎮南端進行兩條測線的磁力調查以及露頭的觀測。其中一條通過泥火山保護區，為前人研究中認定旗山斷層（Chishan Fault A）的所在位置；另一條則位於中寮山東測一條假定的斷層線（Chishan Fault B）。根據本研究的結果認為，旗山斷層（A）為一向西傾高傾角的斷層；旗山斷層（B）為一幾近垂直的斷層。在本研究中以旗山斷層為例，結合磁場強度與磁力梯度資料對於活斷層的傾角進行推斷，而結果驗證為一可行的方法。

The Chishan Fault is one of southwestern Taiwan's major faults. The project area in this study extends from the southwestern side of Chishan Township, Kaohsiung County, to the north of Yanchao Township, Kaohsiung County. The nearby Tainan and Kaohsiung areas are densely populated, and the Chishan Fault, that may control the alignment of several mud volcanoes, is considered to be an active fault. Field geological surveys of the Chishan Fault have found few exposures of the main fault plane, and prior research in Taiwan employed large-scale monitoring data. The purpose of this study is to perform a magnetic survey in the Chishan Fault area in order to gain a better understanding of the geological structure of this area and to relate the positions of surface faulting mapped by the Central Geological Survey and National Central University to those identified by this study. Here, the total magnetic intensity and its gradient were measured in the study area to determine the magnetic anomalies and infer the subsurface structure. This study involved two magnetic survey lines near the southern tip of Chishan Township along with surface outcrop reconnaissance. One survey line passes through the Mud Volcano Reserve, where prior research has postulated the existence of the Chishan Fault (A). The other survey line traversed a postulated fault line (Chishan Fault B) on the east side of Chungliao Mountain. We suggest that Chishan Fault A is a high angle west-dipping fault; Chishan Fault B is a vertical fault. The significance of this study is that it provides a methodology for combining total magnetic intensity and gradient data to determine the approximate dip on an active fault such as the Chishan Fault of Taiwan.

1. Chang, C. C., and Tseng, C. L., 1999, A Geocentric Reference System in Taiwan: Survey Review, v. 35, no. 273, p. 195-203.
   連結：
2. Chen, C. C., and Chen, C. S., 1998, Preliminary Result of Magnetotelluric Soundings in the Fold-Thrust Belt of Taiwan and Possible Detection of Dehydration, Tectonophysics, 292, p. 101-117.
   連結：
3. Chen, S. W., 2005, Magnetic Surveying of the Chaochou Fault, Master’s Thesis, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Resources Engineering, 80 p.
   連結：
4. Ching, K. E., Rau, R. J., Lee, J. C., and Hu, J. C., 2007, Contemporary Deformation of Tectonic Escape in SW Taiwan from GPS Observations, 1995–2005, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 262, p. 601-619.
   連結：
5. Chow, J. J., Chang, S. K., Yu, H. S., 2006, GPR Reflection Characteristics and Depositional Models of Mud Volcanic Sediments - Wushanting Mud Volcano Field, Southwestern Taiwan, Journal of Applied Geophysics, 60, p. 179-200.
   連結：
6. Geologic map of Taiwan, Central Geological Survey, Ministry of Economic Affairs, 2009.
   連結：
7. Hu, J. C., Angelier, J., Yu, S. B., 1997, An Interpretation of the Active Deformation of Southern Taiwan Based on Numerical Simulation and GPS Studies, Tectonophysics, 274, p. 145-169.
   連結：
8. Hu, J. C., Angelier, J., 2004, Stress Permutations: Three-Dimensional Distinct Element Analysis Accounts for a Common in Brittle Tectonics, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, B09403, doi:10.1029/2003JB002616.
   連結：
9. Hu, J. C., Hou, C. S., Shen, L. C., Chan, Y. C., Chen, R. F., Huang, C., Rau, R. J., Lin, C. W., Huang, M. H., and Nien, P. F., 2007, Fault Activity and Lateral Extrusion Inferred from Velocity Weld Revealed by GPS Measurements in the Pingtung Area of Southwestern Taiwan, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 31, p. 287–302.
   連結：
10. Lacombe, O., Mouthereau, F., Angelier, J., and Deffontaines, B., 2001, Structural, Geodetic, and Seismological Evidence for Tectonic Escape in SW Taiwan: Tectonophysics, v. 333, p. 323-345.
    連結：
11. Lewis, C., Chen, S.-W., & Yen, P.-C., 2004, Magnetic surveying of the Chaochou Fault of southern Taiwan: culmination of basement-involved surface thrusting in arc-continent collision, International Geology Review, v. 46, p. 399-408.
    連結：
12. Li, J., Sato, T., and Kaggeyama, A., 2002, Repeated and Sudden Reversals of the Dipole Field Generated by A Spherical Dynamo Action, Science, 295, p. 1887-1890.
    連結：
13. Lin, C. W., Chen, W. S., Liu, Y. C., and Chen, B. T., 2009, The Active Fault in East and South of Taiwan, Central Geological Survey, Ministry of Economic Affairs.
    連結：
14. Merrill, R. T., 2004, Time of Reversal, Nature, 428, p. 608-609.
    連結：
15. National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), 2009, website link: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/geomagmodels/IGRFWMM.jsp
    連結：
16. Sung, Q. C., Chang, H. C., Liu, H. C., and Chen, Y. C., 2010, Mud Volcanoes along the Chishan Fault in Southwestern Taiwan: A Release Bend Model, Geomorphology, 118, p. 118-198.
    連結：
17. Sunriver, 2001, Formosa Complete Road Atlas.
    連結：
18. Takahashi, F., Matsushima, M., and Honkura, Y., 2005, Simulations of a Quasi-Taylor State Geomagnetic Field Including Polarity Reversals on the Earth Simulation, Science, 309, p. 459-461.
    連結：
19. Telford, W. M., Geldart, L. P. and Sheriff, R. E., 1990, Applied Geophysics, second edition, Cambridge University Press, New York, 770 p.
    連結：
20. Vočadlo, L. and Dobson, D., 1999, The Earth’s Deep Interior: Advances in Theory and Experiment, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A, 357, p. 3335-3357.
    連結：
21. Yu, S. B., Chen, H. Y., and Kuo, L. C., 1997, Velocity Field of GPS Stations in the Taiwan Area: Tectonophysics, 274, p. 41-59.
    連結：
22. Angelier, J., 1986, Geodynamics of Eurasia-Philippine Sea Plate boundary: Preface, Tectonophysics, 125, p. IX-X.
23. Bartington instruments Ltd, 1989, Operation Manual for MS2 Magnetic Susceptibility System, Oxford, p. 8, 71 p.
24. Breiner, S., 1973, Application Manual for Portable Magnetometers, Geometrics, Sunnyvale, CA, 58 p.
25. Burger, H. R., 1992, Exploration Geophysics of the Shallow Subsurface, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 489 p.
26. Chen, C. H., 2005, Study of Total Magnetic Field in Temporal and Spatial Variations in Taiwan (1989 ~ 2004), PhD’s thesis, National Central University, Graduate Institute of Geophysics, 178 p.
27. Cheng, H. C., 2000, Structural Geology in the Tainan to Pingtung Area of Southwestern Taiwan, Master’s thesis, National Central University, Graduate Institute of Applied Geology, 92 p.
28. Chiu, K. K., 2007, The Transition Zone Between the Tulungwan and Chaochou Faults of South-Central Taiwan by Magnetic Surveying, Master’s Thesis, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Resources Engineering, 73 p.
29. Chou, J. T., 1971, A Preliminary Study of the Stratigraphy and Sedimentation of the Mudstone Formations in the Tainan Area, Southern Taiwan, Petroleum Geology of Taiwan, No. 8, p. 187-219.
30. Ernst, W. G., 1983, Mountain Building and Metamorphism: A Case History from Taiwan: In Mountain Building (ed. K. J. Hsu), London: Academic Press, p.247-256.
31. Ho, C. S., 1982, Tectonic Evolution of Taiwan: Explanatory Text of the Tectonic Map of Taiwan, 2nd ed., Central Geological Survey, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., 126 p.
32. Ho, C. S., 1986, An Introduction to the Geology of Taiwan: Explanatory Text of the Geologic Map of Taiwan, Central Geological Survey, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., 163 p.
33. Lin , C. W., Chang, H. C., Lu, S. T., Shih, T. S., and Huang, W. J., 2000, An Introduction to the Active Faults of Taiwan, Central Geological Survey Special Publication, no. 13, 122 p.
34. Liu, T. Y., 2006, The Primary Results of Gravity and Magnetic Survey in Kaoping Area, Master’s Thesis, National Central University, Graduate Institute of Geophysics, 80 p.
35. Milsom, J., 2003, Field Geophysics, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 232 p.
36. Robinson, E. S. and Coruh, C., 1988, Basic Exploration Geophysics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 562 p.
37. Sung, Q. C., Chen, L., and Chen, Y. C., 2004, Some New Observations About Chishan Fault, Ti-Chih, 23, p. 31–40.
38. Tsan, S. F., and Keng, W. P., 1968, The Neogene Rocks and Major Structural Features of Southwestern Taiwan: Proceedings of the Geological Society of China, v. 11, p. 45-49.
39. Wang, S., 1986, Mud Volcano Reserve Investigative Report, Council of agriculture, Executive Yuan, 55 p.

1. 温惠如(2015)。國小數學教師手冊內容之分析 --以因數和倍數單元為例。國立臺北教育大學數學暨資訊教育學系學位論文。2015。1-195。 
2. 張梅寶(2006)。國小不同版本數學教科書內容分析:以「因數與倍數」概念為例。國立臺北教育大學課程與教學傳播科技研究所學位論文。2006。1-154。 
3. 黃雅鳳(2006)。以貝氏網路為基礎之能力指標測驗編製及補救教學動畫製作–以六年級數學領域之「分數小數」相關指標為例。亞洲大學資訊工程學系碩士班學位論文。2006。1-120。
4. 陳虹君(2012)。應用閱讀理解理論修改數學文本對小五學生數學概念理解之影響。中正大學教育學研究所學位論文。2012。1-147。
5. 邱馨誼(2015)。運用教學模組進行國民小學一年級數學領域補救教學之行動研究。中正大學教育學研究所學位論文。2015。1-248。
6. 陳月雲(2015)。國小學生奈米科技概念分析與另有概念改變教學之研究。國立臺北教育大學自然科學教育學系學位論文。2015。1-325。