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  • 學位論文

教師理財態度、投資行為與投資績效-以雲林縣國小教師為例

Teachers’ Financial Attitude, Investment Behavior and Investment Performance: Using Elementary School Teachers in Yunlin County as Examples

指導教授 : 紀麗秋 鄧誠中
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摘要


2008年金融風暴過後,全球皆處於低利率時代,加上物價通貨膨脹、國中小教師開始繳納綜合所得稅、軍公教人員退休制度的重大改變以及平均壽命的延長,因此國小教師需要有正確的理財態度與投資行為,才能創造出更高的投資績效,維持自己與家庭的生活水平。本研究結果顯示國小教師理財態度方面,認同度最高與最低者分別為「我不使個人的財務出現入不敷出的現象。」、「我對有投資經驗的產品很了解,投資經驗也很豐富。」。在投資行為方面,國小教師目前主要投資動機以「閒置資金的運用」為最多;國小教師目前投資資訊來源比例最高者為「親朋好友」;國小教師目前最主要的投資工具比例最高者為「保險」;國小教師選擇目前投資工具的主要因素比例最高者為「投資風險的高低」。而在投資績效方面,國小教師在2012年的投資組合的平均報酬率係以「0~9%」為主。 在人口背景變項與國小教師理財態度之差異性分析方面,「性別」在「積極型」、「成長型」和「穩健型」等構面會呈現顯著差異;「教育程度」在「成長型」和「穩健型」構面呈現顯著差異;「不同撫養親屬人數」在「穩健型」構面達顯著差異;不同個人平均年收入(含副業)在「積極型」和「保守型」構面呈現顯著差異。在人口背景變項與國小教師投資來源之差異性分析方面,「性別」除了「投資動機」因素未達顯著水準,其餘構面均呈現顯著差異。「年齡」除了「投資因素」構面未達顯著水準,其餘構面均呈現顯著差異;「婚姻狀況」僅在「投資動機」構面呈現顯著差異;「教育程度」除了「投資因素」構面未達顯著水準,其餘構面均呈現顯著差異;「個人平均年收入(含副業)」在每個構面皆達顯著差異;「不同撫養親屬人數」除了在「投資工具」構面未達顯著水準,其餘構面呈現顯著差異。 在人口背景變項與國小教師投資績效之差異性分析方面,在國小教師理財態度、投資行為與投資績效之迴歸相關分析方面,國小教師成員理財態度不論是「積極型」、「保守型」、「成長型」與「穩健型」之理財方式對投資績效會有顯著且正向之影響。投資行為之「投資動機」、「投資工具」、「投資因素」對投資績效會有顯著且正向之影響。

並列摘要


After financial turmoil in 2008, the world encountered the era of low interest. With inflation, elementary and junior high school teachers started paying for consolidated income tax. Upon the significant change of retirement system of military personnel, government functionaries and teachers and extension of average life-span, elementary school teachers must have correct financial attitude and investment behavior in order to create higher investment performance and maintain life level of themselves and family. According to research findings, the highest and lowest scores of elementary school teachers’ financial attitude are “my income will cover expenditure” and “I am familiar with products with investment experience and I have rich investment experience.” As to investment behavior, currently, elementary school teachers’ “use of spare funds” is main investment motivation. Elementary school teachers’ current highest investment information source is “relatives and friends”; elementary school teachers’ current main investment tool is “insurance”. Elementary school teachers’ main factor to select current investment tool is “degree of investment risk”. Regarding investment performance, in 2012, elementary school teachers’ average rate of return of investment portfolio was “0~9%”. As to difference analysis of demographic variables and elementary school teachers’ financial attitude, “gender” shows significant difference on “active”, “growing” and “stable”; “educational level” shows significant difference on “growing” and “stable”; “number of dependent relatives” shows significant difference on “stable”; different personal average annual incomes (including side jobs) show significant difference on “active” and “conservative”. As to difference analysis of demographic variables and elementary school teachers’ investment sources, regarding “gender”, except for “investment motivation”, the rest dimensions have significant difference. As to “age”, except for “investment factor”, the rest dimensions have significant difference. As to “marital status”, only “investment motivation” has significant difference. As to “educational level”, except for “investment factor”, the rest dimensions have significant difference. As to “personal average annual incomes (including side jobs)”, all dimensions have significant difference; as to “number of dependent relatives”, except for “investment tool”, the rest dimensions have significant difference. Regarding difference analysis between demographic variables and elementary school teachers’ investment performance, as to regression correlation analysis between elementary school teachers’ financial attitude, investment behavior and investment performance, elementary school teachers’ financial attitude as “active”, “conservative”, “growing” and “stable” will significantly and positively influence investment performance. “Investment motivation”, “investment tool” and “investment factor” of investment behavior significantly and positively influence investment performance.

參考文獻


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