高速滾珠螺桿振動訊號擷取與響應分析

The Detecting of Vibration Signal and Response Analysis for High Speed Ball Screw

賴瑞軒(Ruei-Syuan Lai)

指導教授 ： 魏進忠

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械與機電工程研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

高速滾珠螺桿(ball screw)是目前最常被使用的線性傳動元件，但高速化會因內部元件相互運動劇烈導致振動加劇，其成因來自於滾珠撞擊軌道與迴流元件，潤滑不良、滾珠與軌道摩擦，背隙增加與磨耗導致預壓消失。造成定位精度與傳動效率下降等問題。本文在振動量測中藉由實機測試，搭配加速規，將滾珠螺桿振動訊號進行訊號分析，包括時域分析與頻譜分析等，解析振動行為之成因，藉由球通頻率與轉速關聯性驗證滾珠公轉角速度理論，目的是希望能了解滾珠在螺帽內部運動過程中的滾滑動現象。同時，解析此振動訊號得到滾珠螺桿潤滑好壞及失效性。在傳動性能量測中，利用扭力計量測馬達輸入扭矩，找出加減速段振動量與扭矩關係變化。藉此將建立高速滾珠螺桿振動結果與操作條件圖譜提供設計時的減振參考。

關鍵字

高速滾珠螺桿 ； 振動 ； 球通頻率輸入扭矩

並列摘要

High rotational speed ball screw is widely used in linear transmission system. But the vibration will be increaced due to the interaction motion occurred among inner elements of ball screw when operates at a high speed, The increased vibration is came from the impact among ball,raceway and returning element, poor lubrication, friction between ball
and raceway, increase of backlash, and the vanish of preload due to wear,etc. These effects bring several problems, including the decrease of position accuracy and transmission efficiency. In the research, the measuring of vibration was processed by the ball-screw tester, and
accelerators were also used in experiments. Vibration signals were analyzed by several ways, including the analysis in time and frequency domains, and selfcovelation function, to realize the behavior of vibration.
The slip-roll motion were also discussed by the analyzing results of ball’s passing frequency, which relates with the rotational speeds of the ball screw, and confirmed with experiments. Vibration signals can also be
obtained the lubricating condition, which can investigate when the oil film failure. In the measuring of translation performance, the input torque of motor was measured by using the torque meter, and the variation among the vibration of accelerating and decelating step and torque was
thus found. The operating map of vibration and operating conditions in high translation ball screw can obtained and provide for devibration consideration of industry.

並列關鍵字

High speed ball screw ； Vibration ； Passing frequency of ball ； Input torque

參考文獻

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3.屈岳陵，新一代線性傳動產品的發展與應用，機械月刊，第三十三卷，第十一期，pp.6-14，2007年11月。

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