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  • 學位論文

應用衛星資料探討大台北地區都市熱島效應之時空分布

Investigation of the Relationship between Urban Heat Island and ISA by using Landsat7 ETM+ over Taipei Area

指導教授 : 林唐煌
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摘要


隨著經濟發展,工商業發達,人口大量湧入都會地區,致使都市地區 相關的硬體建設迅速發展。都會區蓬勃發展的同時,將使地表結構從原本 的自然植被,逐漸被人工鋪面取代,造成都市地區氣溫失去平衡,溫度不 斷升高,導致都市溫度高於郊區的現象,形成所謂的都市熱島效應,影響 都市環境品質。隨著空間資訊與技術的進步,衛星遙測具有高光譜、多尺 度、多時序與資料獲取快速等優點,故本研究應用衛星資料探討大台北地 區都市熱島效應時空分布之特性。 本文利用1990 年至2009 年Landsat 衛星影像,以大台北地區為研究 試區,藉由多光譜資訊所計算亮度溫度與植生指數(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI),分析大台北地區都市熱島強度(Urban Heat Island; UHI)之時空分布特性;另一方面,亦透過衛星資料在地物分類之結果,將 地表覆蓋物分為建地、水體以及植被等三種,分析不同地物種類與熱島效 應分布情形;最後則利用地表分類結果估算研究試區中的人工鋪面比例 (Impervious Surface Area; ISA),並透過探討ISA 與熱島效應之關係,分析都 市發展與都市熱島之互耦現象 研究結果顯示,北台灣地區夏季熱島效應較其他季節明顯,大台北地 區熱島強度平均可高達6℃,都會中心的溫度明顯高於鄉村地區。若比較 1990 年與2009 年大台北地區地表覆蓋物,且人工鋪面比例(ISA)與都市熱 島效應有明顯的正向關係,人工鋪面的增加(ΔISA)與熱島強度(UHI)之關係 呈指數型態增加,而人工鋪面比例越大的地區都市熱島強度的增幅也越 大。

並列摘要


Along with the urban development, urban heat island(UHI) effect has become more serious over Greater Taipei Region(GTR). The enhancement of UHI effect is mainly due to the increase in the area of artificial impervious surfaces, and will make the impact on the changes of climate as well as the regional precipitation. Therefore, it’s important to monitor the phenomenon of UHI for the metropolis. With the development of spatial information technology, the remote sensing has advantages of high spectral rate, multi-scale images, multi-temporal and fast data acquisition. The application of remote sensing has been focused on urban heat island study nowadays. In present research, the UHI effect was investigated by means of remote sensing over GTR. The observation from Landsat TM/ETM sensors during 1990 to 2009 were used to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of UHI effect for the specific areas. The retrievals of brightness temperature, Normalized Difference Vegetable Index(NDVI), land cover type and impervious surface area(ISA) from TM/ETM data were examined the correlation to the intensity of UHI. The result indicated that the UHI effect is more severer in summer than the other seasons(spring and winter) in north Taiwan. The intensity of UHI can be more than 6℃ in summer. For the effect of land cover type on UHI intensity, the urban area type can be about 4℃. The results also indicate that the UHI intensity increased along with the urban development during the past 20 years. By comparing the land cover and land use changes between 1990 and 2009, about 11% vegetative area was replaced by the impervious surface over GTR. In addition, the results showed the good exponential relationship between ΔISA and ΔUHI, implying that the UHI will be magnified in the areas with large ISA value efficiently, such as the center of megalopolis.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


周伯鴻(2013)。應用衛星資料探討地表溫度〔碩士論文,國立交通大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6842%2fNCTU.2013.00658
邱仁德(2016)。應用Landsat-8影像探討臺中市新社花海節對地區溫度變化之影響〔碩士論文,逢甲大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6341%2ffcu.M0306630
林薏萍(2013)。不同道路分隔島植栽配置對都市道路溫度之影響-以台中市台灣大道為例〔碩士論文,朝陽科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0078-2712201314043491
潘豐家(2015)。結合衛星資料與建物資訊解析台北市空間發展與都市熱島效應之鏈結〔碩士論文,國立中央大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0031-0412201512095663

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